Oil seeds federation standards

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AUSTRALIAN OILSEEDS FEDERATION INCORPORATED
Section 1:
Quality Standards, Technical Information & Typical Analysis
Copyright Australian Oilseeds Federation. July 2009
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Definitions ................................................................................................................. 5 Classification Dispute Settlement .......................................................................... 16
1. 2. Harvest Deliveries ......................................................................................................................16 Consignment Deliveries ...............................................................................................................16
Section 1: AOF 1-1, Grain Quality Standards ......................................................... 18
1.0 2.0 3.0 PREAMBLE .................................................................................................................................18 GENERAL PROCEDURES ..............................................................................................................18 COMMODITY STANDARDS ...........................................................................................................19
Table 1: Canola Standard.................................................................................................................... 19 Table 2: Non-GM Canola Standard ........................................................................................................ 20 Table 3: Rapeseed Standard................................................................................................................ 21 Table 4: Polyunsaturated Sunflower Standard ....................................................................................... 22 Table 5: Monounsaturated Sunflower Standard ..................................................................................... 23 Table 6: Sunflower Birdseed Grade Standard ........................................................................................ 24 Table 7: Edible Milling Grade Soybean Commodity Standard .................................................................. 25 Table 7 (cont): Edible Milling Grade Soybean Commodity Standard ........................................................ 26 Table 8: Edible Manufacturing Grade Soybean Commodity Standard ....................................................... 27 Table 8 (cont): Edible Manufacturing Grade Soybean Commodity Standard ............................................. 28 Table 9: Crushing Soybean Standard.................................................................................................... 29 Table 10: Cottonseed Standard ........................................................................................................... 30 Table 11: Polyunsaturated Safflower Standard ...................................................................................... 31 Table 12: Monounsaturated Safflower Standard .................................................................................... 32 Table 13: Linseed Standard ................................................................................................................. 33 Table 14: Linola Standard ................................................................................................................... 34 Table 15: Peanut Standard .................................................................................................................. 35
Section 1 AOF 1-1 Section 1 AOF 1-1 Section 1 AOF 1-1 Section 1 AOF 1-1 Section 1 AOF 1-1 Section 1 AOF 1-1 Section 1 AOF 1-1 Section 1 AOF 1-1 Section 1 AOF 1-1 Section 1 AOF 1-1 Section 1 AOF 1-1 Section 1 AOF 1-1 Section 1 AOF 1-1 Section 1 AOF 1-1 Section 1 AOF 1-1 Section 1 AOF 1-1 Section 1 AOF 1-1
4.0
4.1 4.2 4.3
PRICE ADJUSTMENTS .................................................................................................................36
General ............................................................................................................................................................... 36 Corrected Net Weight........................................................................................................................................... 36 Clean Seed Value ................................................................................................................................................. 36
5.0
DISPUTED RESULTS ...................................................................................................................37
Section 1: AOF 1-2, Vegetable Oil Quality Standards ............................................ 38
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6
PREAMBLE .................................................................................................................................38 PROCEDURES ............................................................................................................................38 QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS ..........................................................................................................38 PRICE ADJUSTMENTS .................................................................................................................42
General ............................................................................................................................................................... 42 Free Fatty Acids (FFA) .......................................................................................................................................... 42 Moisture, Volatiles and Impurities ......................................................................................................................... 43 Chlorophyll in Canola Oil ...................................................................................................................................... 43 Phosphorus ......................................................................................................................................................... 43 Peroxide Value .................................................................................................................................................... 43
5.0 6.0
6.1 6.2 6.3
DISPUTED RESULTS ...................................................................................................................43 COLD PRESSED OILS ..................................................................................................................43
General ............................................................................................................................................................... 43 Specification........................................................................................................................................................ 43 Price Adjustments ................................................................................................................................................ 44
Section 1: AOF 1-3, Oilseed (Vegetable Protein) Meals and Hull Quality Standards45
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4
SCOPE ......................................................................................................................................45 PROCEDURES ............................................................................................................................45 QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS ..........................................................................................................45 PRICE ADJUSTMENTS .................................................................................................................48
General ............................................................................................................................................................... 48 Protein................................................................................................................................................................ 48 Moisture ............................................................................................................................................................. 48 Other analyses .................................................................................................................................................... 48
5.0
DISPUTED RESULTS ...................................................................................................................48
Section 1: AOF 2, Technical Information................................................................ 49
Copyright Australian Oilseeds Federation. July 2009
Section 1: AOF 2-1, Common Storage of Oilseeds - Accounting for Gains/Losses50
1.0 2.0 3.0
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4
DEFINITION ..............................................................................................................................50 GUARANTEED OUTTURN .............................................................................................................50 MATERIALS BALANCES................................................................................................................50
Seed Price ........................................................................................................................................................... 50 Analysis .............................................................................................................................................................. 50 Transfers ............................................................................................................................................................ 51 Calculations......................................................................................................................................................... 51
Section 1: AOF 2-2, Typical Density Guide for Seed and Meal............................... 54 Section 1: AOF 2-3, Code of Practice for the Bulk Transport of Vegetable Oils by Road and Rail .......................................................................................................................... 55
1.0
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
CONTAINERS, VALVES, PIPES AND DISCHARGE HOSES ..................................................................55
Provisions ........................................................................................................................................................... 55 Certificate of Cleanliness ...................................................................................................................................... 55 Minimum Cleaning Procedures .............................................................................................................................. 55 Company Policy ................................................................................................................................................... 56
Section 1: AOF 2-4, Code of Practice for the Bulk Transport of Vegetable Oilseeds, Meals and Hulls by Road and Rail ............................................................................................ 57 Section 1: AOF 2-5, Code of Practice for the Cleaning Of Containers List of Prohibited Immediate Prior Loads ........................................................................................... 58 Section 1: AOF 2-5.1 ............................................................................................... 60 CERTIFICATE OF CLEANLINESS.............................................................................. 60 Section 1: AOF 2-6, AOF TEST-CHECK Program ..................................................... 61
1.0 2.0 3.0 DEFINITION ..............................................................................................................................61 LABORATORY PROCEDURES ........................................................................................................61 TEST-CHECK LABORATORY EVALUATION ......................................................................................62
Section 1: AOF 2-6.1, TEST-CHECK Participants Result Sheet Rounds 1-7........... 63 Section 1: AOF 2-6.1, TEST-CHECK Participants Result Sheet Rounds 8-12 ........ 64 Section 1: AOF 2-6.2, TEST-CHECK Program Report ............................................. 65 Section 1: AOF 3, Technical Information................................................................ 66 Section 1: AOF 3-1, Typical Composition of Vegetable Fats and Oils.................... 67 Section 1: AOF 3-1, Typical Composition of Vegetable Fats and Oils (cont.) ....... 68 Section 1: AOF 3-2, Colour Comparisons ............................................................... 69 Section 1: AOF 3-3, Typical Amino Acid Composition of Meals ............................. 70
Copyright Australian Oilseeds Federation. July 2009
IMPORTANT NOTICE
This Manual is compiled by the Australian Oilseeds Federation Inc. as an industry reference for Quality and Trading Standards and Methods of Analysis. Use of these Standards is not mandatory however industry is encouraged to adopt all elements of the Standards where possible. Use and compliance with these Standards will provide consistency in the marketing and trading of oilseeds. The Standards are developed by the Australian Oilseeds Federation Standards Committee. This is a technical committee comprising industry experts in relevant fields of breeding, growing, marketing, processing and consumption of a range of oilseeds. The Standards are reviewed annually and published on the Australian Oilseed Federation website. The Standards committee meets at last three times a year to review all potential changes to the Standards. All changes must be approved by the Standards Committee prior to adoption in the Standards. As these Standards are a direct reflection of industry requirements, industry are encouraged to actively participate in their review and feedback from industry at any time is welcome. All feedback should be provided to the Australian Oilseeds Federation in written form. The address for all correspondence is aof@australianoilseeds.com. Further information relating to technical issues and Standards used by the Australian oilseed industry can be found at the following website: http://www.australianoilseeds.com.
DISCLAIMER
This Manual lists the specifications and Standards which are agreed to by both the buyer and the seller on a contractual basis. However, this does not absolve either party from complying with the relevant human food and stock feed regulations which may apply at either the Federal and/or State level.
Changes reflected in this edition of the AOF Quality Standards are highlighted.
Copyright Australian Oilseeds Federation. July 2009
Definitions
Adventitious Presence Adventitious Presence is defined as the unintended presence of: • • Seed/meal containing GM event(s) approved by the OGTR in non-GM seed/meal, and/or Seed/meal containing GM event(s) approved by the OGTR in a seedlot or meal from another GM variety approved by the OGTR.
Appropriately Certified Laboratory An Appropriately Certified Laboratory is defined as a laboratory that has one or more of the following accreditations: participates in the AOF Test Check Program and meets the defined performance criteria, or has NATA accreditation for the particular test method and oilseed commodity combination in question As Is In terms of sample assessment, is the representative sample as taken from the load tendered for delivery without any interference to the sample. That is, there has been no cleaning or screening of the sample prior to analysis. Also referred to as “tale quale” or “dirty” sample. Bleached Bleaching removes trace metals, colour such as chlorophyll, soaps and oxidation products. Bleached oils are relatively colourless and have a low peroxide value. Broken or Split Seed For soybeans, broken or split soybeans are those soybeans not otherwise damaged that are three quarters of a soybean or less in size (except fines classified as impurities). Separated hulls are to be classified as broken or split soybeans. For edible soybeans, broken or split is defined as half soybean or greater parts thereof (with or without hull) that do not come within the definition of damaged soybean. This includes soybeans, hulls and parts thereof not classified as damaged seed. For all seeds other than soybeans and peanuts, all hulls, kernels or parts thereof, not otherwise damaged shall be classified as split or broken seed (except fines classified as impurities). Broken or split seed is not included in the Defective Seed or Damaged seed category. Broken or split seed is to be taken as a percentage of clean seed and expressed to the nearest 0.1%. Chlorophyll Chlorophyll is defined as a compound in plants that converts radiant energy to chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis. Its presence in seed devalues the seed and subsequent oil extracted from that seed. Chlorophyll is an alternative green seed assessment in canola and rapeseed. Chlorophyll is to be determined on a clean seed basis and expressed in whole numbers and the amount reported in ppm. Clean Seed Clean seed includes all seed of the particular oilseed being tested other than that defined as impurities. Cold Pressed Oil Cold pressed oils are edible vegetable oils obtained by mechanical extraction from the parent oilseed without pre-cooking or heating and without subsequent chemical extraction and/or chemical refining. They may have been purified by washing with water, settling, filtering and centrifuging only.
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Colour For colour, analysis is to occur via different methods as indicated, with results expressed in AOCS Lovibond units or Gardner 1933. Where specified, the maximum Red value is indicated by R and the maximum Yellow value is indicated by Y. For all oil types and all methods, the colour value is to be reported to the nearest whole number. Crude Fibre Crude fibre is a mixture of largely indigestible substances of vegetable origin and consists chiefly of cellulose and other vegetable cell wall substances. Crude fibre is to be determined from the entire sample and reported to the nearest percent. Crude Oil Crude oil, sometimes referred to as raw oil, is oil in an unrefined or natural state. Crude Protein Crude protein is defined as the amount of protein in the sample of meal or hull, based on the amount of nitrogen in the meal or hull. Crude protein is to be analysed on the entire sample and reported to the nearest percent. Damaged Seed Damaged seed includes whole and pieces of seed that are bin burnt, diseased, affected by field fungi, frost damaged, heat damaged, insect damaged, weather damaged, weather stained and immature. It does not include Broken or Split seed, Green seed (canola, rapeseed and soybeans only) or Sprouted. Damaged seeds are included for assessment in the Total Defective category. Seeds which are surface damaged only are to be classified as sound. Damaged seed is to be taken as a percentage of the clean seed expressed to the nearest 0.1%. Defective Seed Defective seed includes whole and pieces of seed that are classified as Damaged seed. This includes seed that is bin burnt, diseased, affected by field fungi, frost damaged, heat damaged, insect damaged, weather damaged, weather stained and immature. Defective seeds also include Green seed (canola, rapeseed and soybeans only) and Sprouted. It does not include Broken or Split seed. Refer also to Damaged Seed. For edible soybeans, Defective seed includes soybeans and pieces of soybean which are frost damaged, badly weather stained, field fungi discoloured (including purple stain), weed stained (including nightshade purple stain), heat damaged, diseased, insect damaged or otherwise materially damaged. Seeds which are surface damaged only are to be classified as sound. Defective seed is to be taken as a percentage of the clean seed expressed to the nearest 0.1%. Degraded Seed Degraded seed is seed which is hot, musty, sour, mouldy or contains harmful substances, or not otherwise suitable for human or animal consumption. Degraded seed is to be rejected. Degraded seed is classified under the heading Objectionable Material. Degummed Oil Degumming is the process of separating phosphatides/gums by using degumming agents such as water, enzymes and other permitted chemicals. The phosphatides content shall be expressed as the amount of Phosphorus (as phosphatides) in the oil, expressed to the nearest ppm. Dehulled Seed A dehulled seed is a seed that has the hull completely removed from the kernel.
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Section 1 AOF - Definitions
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Discoloured Seed Discoloured seeds, relating to edible soybeans, are part of Damaged seed and are those whose seed coats have a colour that is distinctly different to that of the predominant variety in the sample. This includes excessive seed coat staining such as purple staining. Discoloured seed is to be taken as a percentage of the clean seed expressed to the nearest 0.1%. Diseased Seed Diseased seed are those seeds that have not matured as per a normal seed. Diseased seed may be caused by a number of factors including pathogens, insufficient nutrients or pollution. Seeds are generally whole and do not fall into other damaged seed categories listed in the definitions section. Diseases seed is to be classified as a part of Damaged seed. Diseased seed is to be taken as a percentage of the clean seed expressed to the nearest 0.1%. Field Fungi Field fungi affected seeds are those that have the seed coat discoloured by fungal spores due to the presence of air-borne fungal spores that adhere to the surface of the grain, generally after rain. Fungi grow on the seed as a result of high moisture conditions during the maturation phase. Field fungi seeds are to be classified as part of Damaged seed. Field fungi seed is to be taken as a percentage of the clean seed expressed to the nearest 0.1%. Field Insects Field insects are those insects that contaminate the seed through their presence on or in the vicinity of the growing crop. Field insects generally do not harm seed. Note that there may be variances with the tolerances applied at export by AQIS. Table 1: Field Insects COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME Various Various
Large Field Insects
Grasshoppers Ladybirds Rutherglen Bugs Wood Bugs All Other Large Field Insects
Nysius vinitor
Various Various
Small Field Insects
Aphids Mites All Other Small Field Insects Various Various Various
Field insects are to be reported to the nearest whole number in the entire half litre sample. Flash Point The Flash point is defined as the lowest temperature, corrected to a barometric pressure of 101.3 kPa (760 mm Hg), at which the application of an ignition source causes the vapours above the surface of the oil sample to ignite under specified test conditions. The closed cup equilibrium method is to be used and the result reported to the nearest degree Celsius. Foots Foots is defined as the sediment (fine solids) that forms during the refining of oil. Foots are to be reported as a percentage of the total oil content, reported to the nearest 1%. Foreign Material
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Foreign material is a part of impurities and is defined as all material other than whole, split or broken seeds or hulls of the respective oilseed being assessed if it falls through the screen. Foreign material is often referred to as admixture or foreign matter. For edible soybeans, it includes all material other than soybeans passing through a 4.75 mm round hole sieve using 20 shakes including pods, but excluding cottonseed, canola and weed seeds. Foreign Material is to be expressed as the percentage by weight of the entire half litre sample and reported to the nearest 0.1%. Fractions in Proportion This term relates to the determination of premiums and discounts for various quality parameters. Refer to Section 1: AOF 2-1, for more details on how to calculate results. Free Fatty Acids Free fatty acids shall be defined as oleic acid unless otherwise specified. Free fatty acid content is to be determined on a weight basis on clean seed. For seed, results are to be reported to the nearest 0.1%. For bleached or refined oils, the results are to be reported to the nearest 0.01%. For all other oil types, the results are to be reported to the nearest percent. Frost Damaged Seed Frost damaged seeds are part of Damaged seeds and are those seeds affected by frost during the growing phase. Seeds are generally recognised as intact shells only with no core. Frost damaged seed is to be taken as a percentage of the clean seed expressed to the nearest 0.1%. Genetic Modification The adventitious presence of up to 0.9% of GM events approved by the Australian Government Office of the Gene Technology Regulator is allowed in non-GM canola. Canola is rejectable over this limit. The adventitious presence of up to 5% of GM events approved by the Australian Government Office of the Gene Technology Regulator is allowed in non-GM canola meal. Canola meal is rejectable over this limit. Where required, genetic modified seed or meal is to be expressed as the percentage by weight of the clean seed or meal and reported to the nearest 0.1%. Germination Germination is defined as the initiation of growth of a dormant seed. Depending on the seed type, the definition may refer to different levels of initial growth of the seed that is seen visually by the naked eye. Glucosinolates The glucosinolates are a class of organic compounds that contain sulphur, nitrogen and a group derived from glucose. They occur as secondary metabolites of many plants and plants use substances derived from glucosinolates as natural pesticides and as a defence against herbivores. Glucosinolates are to be determined from the entire sample and reported to the nearest micromole per gram of oil-free air-dry solids. Gossypol Gossypol is a toxic phenolic compound that occurs in seed as a natural defence against insects. Gossypol effects the animals fed the resultant oilseed meal. Gossypol is to be determined on the entire sample and reported to the nearest 0.01%. Green Seed Green seeds only apply to canola and rapeseed and are those that are distinctively green when crushed, or when a cross-section shows an intense green colour. Seeds that are yellow-green are not considered green. Green seeds are not part of Damaged but are a part of Total Defectives.
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Green seed is to be assessed on the clean seed.
Heat Damaged Seed Heat damaged or bin burnt seed are those seeds and pieces of seed that are materially discoloured and damaged by heat. Heated seeds may have a heated odour or a brown powdery appearance when crushed. Heat damaged is a part of Damaged seed. Heat damaged seed is to be taken as a percentage of the clean seed expressed to the nearest 0.1%. Heat Test The Heat test determines the cloud and break temperature, the amount of break and quality of heat bleach of oil when exposed to high temperature. Results are to be expressed as a descriptor of the break and bleach at the relevant temperature. Immature Seed Immature seeds are those that have not developed fully and are thus not whole sound seeds. Seeds may appear soft when crushed. Immature seeds are a part of Damaged seed. Immature seed is to be taken as a percentage of the clean seed expressed to the nearest 0.1%. Impurities For cottonseed, impurities consist of foreign matter other than seed material, where seed material includes cotton fibre attached to the seed coat. For all other commodities, impurities shall consist of the following: a. Foreign matter (organic or inorganic) other than seeds of the respective oilseed being assessed. For peanuts the outer shells or hulls are classified as impurities except when shell and kernel are intact. For all other commodities, except peanuts and soybeans, the outer shells or hulls are always to be classified as impurities. For all commodities other than peanuts, when any seed is present in an unthreshed state, the seed and attached surrounding plant material is to be classified as impurities. Note that ryegrass ergot is not included under this definition as a separate tolerance exists. Note that there are separate tolerances for specific weed seeds within Foreign Matter, as described under the definition for Weed Seeds. There may also be specific tolerances for elements of impurities within each commodity Standard. b. All material, including whole seed and partial seed material of the respective oilseed being assessed, passing through the screen prescribed for that oilseed. This material passing through the screen is also sometimes referred to by the name “fines”.
The impurity content is to be determined on a weight basis from the entire half litre sample and reported to the nearest 0.1%. Insect Damaged Seed Insect damaged seeds are those that have been eaten in part by field or stored product insects. Insect damaged seeds are visually recognised through holes being present in the seed and are included in the damaged seed category. Insect damaged seed is to be taken as a percentage of the clean seed expressed to the nearest 0.1%. Iodine Value The iodine value shall be defined as the Wijs Iodine value. The iodine value for various oil types varies subject to seasonal variation with the range permitted as specified for the various oils listed in the Quality Specifications table. For all oil types, the iodine value is to be reported to the nearest whole number. Linoleic, Linolenic, Oleic Acid
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For all oil types, the Linoleic, Linolenic or Oleic Acid content is to be determined on a weight basis and the result is to be reported to the nearest percent. Meals Oilseed meals are the by-products of oil production and are a good source of protein for stockfeed. Moisture Content Rapid direct reading moisture testers shall be used only as a guide for acceptance or rejection of a consignment by the crusher or his agent. Where a moisture deduction is to be made from a receival account, the results of the prescribed oven test method expressed to the nearest 0.1%, as received basis, shall be applied. Moisture deductions shall only be based on the results obtained in this way. Moisture content is to be determined on the entire sample as received and reported to the nearest 0.1%. Moisture, Volatiles and Impurities For all oils, the moisture, volatiles and impurities content is to be determined on a weight basis. For bleached or refined oils, the results are to be reported to the nearest 0.01%. For all other oil types, the results are to be reported to the nearest 0.1%. Mouldy Seed Mouldy seed refers to seed that is visibly affected by mould, fermentation and any subsequent deterioration. It is included in the category of Degraded seed under Objectionable Material. Objectionable Material This includes harmful substances and material which significantly devalues the appearance of the commodity, imparts an unacceptable odour, renders the commodity unfit for human or animal consumption or is a food safety issue. Includes but is not limited to: Contaminants such as live or dead stored grain product insects, live or dead pea weevil, specified weed seeds in excess of the lowest limit prescribed in any of the State Stockfeed Regulations lists of permitted weed seeds, material imparting an odour to the grain, sand, earth, sticks Inorganic material such as glass and metal Degraded seed such as smutty seed, hot seed, musty seed, sour seed, mouldy seed. Chemicals such as pickled seed, the presence of pre or post-harvest chemicals not registered for use, used in excess of permitted levels or with residues in excess of their permitted levels Note that there may be separate tolerances in edible soybeans for particular quality parameters within Objectionable Material such as dead stored insects and sand/earth. This category does not include parameters that are classified under Impurities. Objective Test An objective test is one where the analytical result is determined by an instrument e.g. Oil content. Official Sample The Official Sample is that sample representing the oilseed or oilseed product that is to be assessed for classification purposes and following analysis, payment for the commodity is to occur. Oil Content The oil content shall be that quantity of oil contained in the sample of clean seed as determined by the relevant prescribed solvent extraction method or by any rapid test procedure whose calibration is based thereon.
Oil content (delivered ) = Oil content (retest) ×
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(100 − delivered moisture ) (100 − retest moisture)
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Section 1 AOF - Definitions
Oil content is to be expressed to the nearest 0.1% and determined on a clean seed basis. Oilseed Hulls The hull is defined as the outer covering of a vegetable oilseed, also referred to as the husk.
Peroxide Value The edible grades (refined and deodorised products), contain specified antioxidants. The peroxide value is to be reported to the nearest whole number and the units are mEq/kg. Phosphorus The Phosphorus content is a direct reflection of the degumming process, with Degummed oils containing low phosphorus content. Phosphorus is to be reported to the nearest whole number in ppm. Pressed Pressed extraction is the mechanical method used to remove oil from vegetable oilseeds. Refined Oil Refined Oil may be defined as the second stage of oil production where the crude oil is subjected to a combination of heat, chemicals or enzyme treatments to remove odours, discoloration or contamination. Refractive Index 25oC The refractive index is defined as the ratio of the velocity of light in a vacuum to that in the particular oil. It is regarded as a measure of the purity of the oil. Refractive index is measured at 25oC and reported to the nearest 0.001. Relative Density 25oC Relative density is the density of oil relative to the density of water. It is measured at 25oC and reported to the nearest 0.001. Reporting Level Is defined as the number of decimal places at which results are to be reported following analysis. Note that mg/kg is equivalent to ppm where listed in these Standards. Retention Retention is defined as the amount of the commodity remaining above the screen after shaking. Screen dimensions and the procedure to be used during the shaking process are outlined in the following Procedures section. Retention is to be reported to the nearest 1%. Ryegrass Ergot Ryegrass ergot is the infection of ryegrass kernels with the fungus Claviceps purpurea. Ergot produces elongated fungus bodies with a purplish-black exterior, a purplish-white to off white interior and a relatively smooth surface texture. The tolerance is determined by the maximum length (in cm) that the pieces in the entire sample are not to exceed when aligned end to end. Sand or Earth Sand or earth is generally regarded as unconsolidated mineral or organic material and comprises clumps of earth and grains of sand. For soybeans, a separate tolerance exists for sand/earth. For all other commodities, sand/earth is included in the definition of Objectionable Material.
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Saponification Value The Saponification value (or "Saponification number") is the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide required to saponify 1g of fat under the conditions specified. It is a measure of the average molecular weight of all the fatty acids present. The Saponification value is reported to the nearest whole number.
Small Foreign Seeds Small foreign seeds are those weed seeds that fall through the screen used for the particular commodity and into the catch pan during the sieving process and do not have a specific tolerance nominated in the list of Weed Seeds in Table 4. Where a particular commodity is being assessed, if it is listed in the following table, the definition as a Small Foreign Seed does not apply. e.g., canola is not a SFS in canola.
Table 2: Small Foreign Seeds Common Name Botanical Name Common Name Botanical Name
Amsinckia Australian Phalaris Bladder Soapwort Burrweed (Yellow) Canary Grass (Wild) Canola Celery (Slender) Charlock Clover (Ball, Ball Clover) Cockspur (Maltese) Dock Fat Hen Fescue Hares Ear Hedge Mustard Horehound Knotweed Lesser Canary Grass Lettuce Lucerne (Seeds) Maltese Cockspur Marshmallow (Seeds) Medics (Seeds) Muskweed (Seeds)
Amsinckia spp Phalaris aquatica Vaccaria hispanica Amsinckia spp Phalaris canariensis Brassica rapa Apium leptophyllum Sinapis arvensis Trifolium glomeratum Centaurea melitensis Rumex spp Chenopodium album Festuca spp Conringia orientalis Sisymbrium officinale Marrumbium vulgare Polygonum aviculare Phalaris minor Lactuca spp Medicago sativa Centaurea melitensis Malva palviflora Medicago spp Myagrum perfoliatum
Milk Thistle (Seeds) Mustard Mustard (Indian Hedge) Paradoxa Grass (Seed) Peppercress Phalaris (Australian) Rapeseed Ryegrass Sage (Wild) Salt Bush Slender Celery Sorrel Sowthistle Thistle Milk (seeds) Turnip (Mediterranean) Turnip (Wild) Urochloa Grass Verbena Wild Canary Grass Wild Radish (Seeds) Wild Sage Wild Turnip Wireweed Yellow Burrweed
Sonchus oleraceus Sisymbrium spp Sisymbrium orientale Phalaris paradoxa Lepidium spp Phalaris aquatica Brassica rapa Lolium spp Salvia verbenaca Atriplex muelleri Apium leptophyllum Rumex acetosella Sonchus spp Sonchus oleraceus Brassica tournefortii Brassica tournefortii Urochloa panicoides Verbena spp Phalaris canariensis
Raphanus raphanistrum
Salvia verbenaca Brassica tournefortii Polygonum aviculare Amsinckia spp
Other seeds not listed may also fall into the Small Foreign Seeds category. Small Foreign Seeds are to be reported to the nearest whole number and are to be determined based on their number in the entire sample received.
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Snails Snails refer to whole snails or substantial portions thereof and include bodies without shells. Table 3: Common Snails Common Name Common White Snail White Italian Snail Pointed Snail Small Pointed Snail Any other snail species Scientific Name
Cernuella virgata Theba pisana Cochlicella actua Cochlicella Barbara
Various
Snails are to be reported to the nearest whole number based on their presence in the entire sample. Solvent Extraction Is the main method used to remove oil from vegetable oilseeds and involves the use of a solvent such as hexane. Sprouted Seed Sprouted Seed is also referred to as "shot" or "sprung". Sprouted seeds are those that show signs of swelling, splitting or the presence of a rootlet. Seed that gives any indication of the commencement of growth is to be classified as being sprouted. Sprouted seed is not included in Damaged, but is in the Total Defective category. Sprouted seed is to be taken as a percentage of the clean seed expressed to the nearest 0.1%. Stones Stones include hard shale, coal, hard earth pellet, meghemite (ironstone or buckshot), limestone or other non-toxic material of a similar nature. The number of stones in the entire sample is to be reported to the nearest whole number. Subjective Test A subjective test is where the analysis result is determined by an operator using visual analysis and includes all Defective Seed tests (bin burnt, diseased, frost damaged, heat damaged, insect damaged, weather damaged, weather stained and immature), Broken and Split seed, Sprouted, Green seed and Chlorophyll (ruler method). Test Weight Test weight is a measure of the bulk density or volume of the oilseed based on the entire sample as received, measured in kilograms per hectolitre. Test weight is to be reported to the nearest 0.1kg/hl. Trade Certified Trade Certified refers to equipment whose model has a Certificate of Approval issued by the National Measurement Institute and which is monitored for use under an approved program by the user of that equipment. Unmillable Material Above Screen For edible soybeans, includes all material other than soybeans retained above a 4.75 mm round hole sieve using 20 shakes including pods, but excluding cottonseed, canola and weed seeds. Unmillable material is to be reported to the nearest 0.1% based on the entire sample received.
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Unsaponifiable Matter Unsaponifiable matter includes those substances frequently found dissolved in fatty acids and drying oils which cannot be saponified by caustic treatment, but which are soluble in the normal fat solvents. Included are the higher aliphatic alcohols, sterols, pigments, and hydrocarbons. Unsaponifiable matter is to be reported to the nearest 0.1%. Weather Damaged Seed Weather damaged seeds are those that have been subjected to rain during the maturation phase. Seeds are generally recognised as having a grey washed out appearance. When crushed, they may have a chalky texture. It is often difficult to determine the difference between these grains and Weather Stained grains. Weather Damaged seeds are classified under Damaged Seeds. Weather damaged seed is to be taken as a percentage of the clean seed expressed to the nearest 0.1%. Weather Stained Seed Weather stained seeds are those that have been subjected to rain during the maturation phase. Seeds are generally recognised as having a greyish washed out appearance. Weather Stained seeds are often indistinguishable from Weather Damaged seeds and are often referred to as discoloured seeds and are classified under Damaged Seeds. Weather stained seed is to be taken as a percentage of the clean seed expressed to the nearest 0.1%. Weed Seeds The total weed seed content is to be included in the assessment of impurities. There are specific tolerances for various weed seeds for each commodity. In addition there are separate tolerances for specific weed seeds that are common to all commodities as outlined below except for edible soybeans which have a separate list of weed seeds. Refer also to the definition of Small Foreign Seeds. Table 4: Weed Seed Limits by Species (maximum seeds per half litre) Common Name Alligator weed Cape Tulips Castor Oil Plant Coriander Creeping Knapweed Darling pea Dodder Giant Sensitive plant Opium Poppy Parthenium weed Ragweed Rattlepod Saffron Thistle St. Johns wort Star Burr Stinkwort Burrs – all, except where listed in this table Wild mignonette Crow Garlic Skeleton weed Thornapple Common Heliotrope Darnel Hexham scent Jute Mexican poppy Mintweed Nightshade Sesbania pea
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Scientific Name
Tolerance per half litre Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 65
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Alteranthera philoxeroides Homeria spp. Ricinus communis. Coriandrum sativum Acroptilon repens Swansonia spp. Cuscuta spp. Mimosa invisa Papaver somniferum Parthenium hysterophorus Ambrosia spp. Crotalaria spp. Carthamus lanatus Hypericum perforatum Acanthospermum hispidum Inula graveolens Xanthium spp. Reseda lutea Allium vineale Chondrilla juncea Datura spp. Heliotropium europeaum Lolium temulentum Melilotus indicus Corchorus olitorius Argemone mexicana Salvia reflexa Solanum spp. Sesbania cannibina
Section 1 AOF - Definitions
Where a weed seed or plant part imparts an odour to the commodity, there is a nil tolerance for that weed seed or plant part and the load is to be rejected. Weed seeds are to be reported to the nearest whole number and are to be determined based on their number in the entire sample received.
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Classification Dispute Settlement
1.
1.1
Harvest Deliveries
If in place, a Storage and Handling Agreement may over-ride the terms and conditions outlined in the following procedure. Retesting and dispute settlement can be carried out on objective and subjective test methods. Retesting and dispute settlement can only be carried out if the load can be accepted. Where objectionable contaminants are found, or the load cannot be accepted due to issues such as high moisture content, the load will be rejected without appeal. If the classification of a load tested on receival is disputed by the owner or their representative, the classifier shall retest another sample drawn from the original speared sample bucket for that load. The second test results will override the initial test results. A full objective classification as per the Receival Standards for that commodity of the second sample shall occur. Should the owner or representative continue to dispute the second sample, the load may be re-sampled and fully classified once. These results override all previous results. (Note: re-sampling may not be possible if the load has moved from the sampling platform, in which case the load must rejoin the end of queue and re-present as a new load). If the receival testing equipment is trade certified, any further clauses under this section do not apply. If the owner or representative continues to dispute the test result(s) and if the load has not been rejected then it will only be received and binned as per the site classification. Duplicate one (1) litre samples will be taken and placed into appropriately marked sample bags, which are then to be sealed. One sample is to be retained on site for a period of 2 months and one is to be forwarded to an appropriately certified laboratory for a full objective classification as per the Receival Standards for that commodity. The costs of laboratory testing, including sample freight and other related external costs will be borne by the person originating the dispute, unless the results of the laboratory testing result in the load being classified into a higher grade or at least a 1% increase in oil content or a 30% relative reduction in impurities. In this case the receiver of the load shall pay the testing costs. All internal costs shall be borne by each party. Where laboratory facilities are available, testing in these premises using reference methods shall take precedence for rejection over in-field assessment using rapid assessment methods. For the determination of Oil Content, in cases of dispute, the prescribed solvent extraction method shall be the basis for decision unless otherwise agreed to by mutual decision. The results of oil content re-tests shall be adjusted to the basis of the moisture content at the time of delivery but only where oven moisture is available on the original test otherwise the original moisture result is to apply.
1.2 1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
2.
2.1
Consignment Deliveries
Trade disputes, unless otherwise agreed will be settled on a load by load basis. Contracts for the delivery of oilseeds should nominate and agree an appropriately Certified laboratory to resolve disputes prior to the commencement of delivery. The contract should also nominate and agree if “quality is final on outturn” or “quality is final on delivery”. If the testing equipment is trade certified, any further clauses under this section do not apply. A Storage and Handling Agreement may impact on and over-ride this dispute procedure. All loads being delivered must be sampled in accordance with AOF approved sampling methods. For each load received, two clearly identified, sealed 1/2 litre samples shall be retained for a period of 2 months. The name of the person responsible for collecting the sample shall be clearly identifiable. If no dispute is lodged within this period, the samples may be disposed of and no further quality disputes will be accepted on the loads represented by these samples. For each load disputed, one of the load samples shall be sent to the agreed laboratory for analysis. The laboratory shall be made aware that the samples are to settle a trade dispute under these rules and the
Section 1 AOF – Classification Dispute Settlement Page 16 of 70
2.2 2.3
2.4
Issue No. 8, July 31 2009
AOF reference methods shall be used to settle the dispute. A full objective classification must be undertaken for each load. 2.5 The costs of laboratory testing, including sample freight and other related external costs will be borne by the person originating the dispute, unless the results of the laboratory testing improve the payment value of the load. In this case the receiver of the load shall pay the testing costs. All internal costs shall be borne by each party.
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Section 1: AOF 1-1, Grain Quality Standards
1.0
1.1 1.2 1.3
PREAMBLE
This document outlines the Quality Specifications for the various oilseeds as listed in these Standards. The Standards apply to all oilseeds and are to apply at Receival and / or on outturn, whichever is applicable. Notwithstanding the specifications outlined in this document, all oilseeds and oilseed products (i.e. oil, meal and hulls) must comply with the relevant Federal and / or State stockfeed or agricultural regulations. In particular oilseeds and oilseeds products must comply with the maximum residue levels (MRLs) listed in both the FSANZ Food Standards Code and the APVMA MRL Standard (maximum residue limits in food and animal feedstuffs). Sampling procedures as outlined in Section Two must be followed to ensure that the Official Sample used for analysis is representative of the consignment. For domestic trading, the Official Sample shall be taken by the buyer or their appointed agent at the receival point at the time of receipt of the lot, or as otherwise agreed to. Samples shall be retained by the buyer for at least two months after receival. The following Quality Standards and price adjustments are applicable to the results of the analysis of Official Samples tested according to the prescribed methods outlined in Section Two.
1.4 1.5
1.6
2.0
1.
GENERAL PROCEDURES
The Standards listed in the following tables and all other information detailed in this section applicable to these Standards, are to be applied to each individual load of the respective oilseed commodity. With the exception of impurities, test weight and moisture, all analyses shall be conducted and reported on a clean seed basis. For snails and stones, in any consignment there is a nil tolerance per 2.5 litre sample for any snails or stones remaining above a 3.0 mm round hole screen. If one snail or stone is found above the screen in the half litre sample, then a further four half litre samples should be taken. If a snail or stone is found in any one of the subsequent samples, the load is to be rejected. A consignment containing Objectionable Material that is detected at any stage of the receival process shall be rejectable. Protein (dry matter basis) = protein ‘as is’ x 100 / (100 – ‘as is’ moisture). Where a commodity does not have a minimum or maximum tolerance for that particular quality parameter as indicated by “n/a” (not applicable), a test for that quality parameter is not required. A strictly nil tolerance applies where a commodity has a tolerance of “nil” listed. For commodities that have a tolerance listed at a “base level”, receival of a commodity with a quality parameter above or below that base level may occur with consent between the two parties and with the application of appropriate discounts. Where Green canola seed can be measured as Chlorophyll, the Chlorophyll result overrides any result determined by the ruler method.
2.
3.
4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
9.
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3.0
COMMODITY STANDARDS
Table 1: Canola Standard
Standard Reference No: CSO 1 Specification Comment/Price Adjustment Canola is defined as seed of the species Brassica napus or Brassica campestris but containing less than 30 micromoles of specified glucosinolates per g of oil-free air-dry solids and not more than 2% erucic acid in the oil component, as a proportion of the total fatty acids content. The specified glucosinolates are any one or a mixture of 3-butenyl, 4-pentenyl, 2-hydroxy-3-butenyl and 2-hydroxy-4-pentenyl glucosinolates 1.5% premium or deduction for each 1% above or below 42% 2% deduction for each 1% over the base level, rejectable over 2.5% Immediate processing - if accepted over the maximum, 2% deduction for each 1% over maximum For storage - if accepted over the maximum, 1.5% deduction for each 1% over maximum plus a drying charge Rejectable under this limit
Section 1 AOF 1-1
Commodity : CANOLA Parameter
Physical & Chemical Parameters Description
Oil Free Fatty Acid Moisture
42% base level 1% base level 8% maximum
Test Weight Protein Seed Retention Germination
62 kg/hl minimum n/a n/a n/a
Defective Canola (Maximum % wt/wt based on cleaned half litre sample retained above 1.0mm round hole sieve) Broken or Split 7% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum Total Defective, including: Damaged Sprouted Green 10% maximum 3% maximum 5% maximum 2% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum, rejectable over 10% 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum No penalty up to a maximum of 2%, rejectable over 2% using the ruler method. Alternatively, determine as chlorophyll, with a maximum of 12ppm and rejectable over.
Contaminants (Maximum per half litre unless otherwise stated, rejectable over unless deductions are stated as applying) Impurities 3% maximum Is all material falling through the 1.0mm round hole screen. 1% deduction for each 1% of impurities up to 4%, 2% deduction for each 1% of impurities over 4%. Snails/Stones Nil above screen Nil tolerance per 2.5 litre sample for any snails/stones remaining above a 3.0 mm round hole screen. If one snail/stone is found above the screen in the ½ litre sample, then a further four ½ litre samples should be taken. If a snail/stone is found in any one of the subsequent samples, the load is to be rejected. Tolerance of 1 stone/snail per ½ litre sample, passing through a 3.0 mm round hole screen. Includes Rutherglen bugs, ladybirds, grasshoppers and wood bugs Includes all species of aphid and all species of mites Maximum of all pieces aligned end on end Harmful substances include live or dead stored grain product insects, live or dead pea weevil, glass, metal, specified weed seeds in excess of the limit prescribed in any of the State Stockfeed Regulations lists of permitted weed seeds, the presence of pre or post-harvest chemicals not registered for use, used in excess of permitted levels or with residues in excess of their permitted levels, smut, material imparting an odour to the grain, sand, earth, sticks and pickled grain. Includes Degraded seed such as smutty seed, hot seed, musty seed, sour seed, mouldy seed.
Field Insects Ryegrass Ergot Objectionable Material
1 stone/snail per ½ litre below screen 10 large per ½ litre 100 small per ½ litre 0.5cm maximum nil
Seed Contaminants (maximum tolerance per half litre to apply to individual seeds, rejectable over) Type A nil Alligator Weed, Cape Tulips, Castor Oil Plant, Coriander, Creeping Knapweed, Darling Pea, Dodder, Giant Sensitive Plant, Opium Poppy, Parthenium Weed, Ragweed, Rattlepod, Saffron Thistle, Star Burr, Stinkwort, St. Johns Wort Type B 1 Burrs (Xanthium spp.) – all except where otherwise stated, Wild Mignonette Type C 2 Crow Garlic, Skeleton Weed, Thornapple Type D 3 Common Heliotrope, Darnel, Hexham Scent, Jute, Mexican Poppy, Mintweed, Nightshade Type E 65 Sesbania Pea
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Section 1 AOF 1-1
Commodity : CANOLA Parameter
Table 2: Non-GM Canola Standard
Standard Reference No: CSO 1-a
Specification
Comment/Price Adjustment Canola is defined as seed of the species Brassica napus or Brassica campestris but containing less than 30 micromoles of specified glucosinolates per g of oil-free air-dry solids and not more than 2% erucic acid in the oil component, as a proportion of the total fatty acids content. The specified glucosinolates are any one or a mixture of 3-butenyl, 4-pentenyl, 2-hydroxy-3-butenyl and 2-hydroxy-4-pentenyl glucosinolates. The adventitious presence of up to 0.9% of GM events approved by the Australian Government Office of the Gene Technology Regulator is permitted 1.5% premium or deduction for each 1% above or below 42% 2% deduction for each 1% over the base level, rejectable over 2.5% Immediate processing - if accepted over the maximum, 2% deduction for each 1% over maximum For storage - if accepted over the maximum, 1.5% deduction for each 1% over maximum plus a drying charge Rejectable under this limit
Physical & Chemical Parameters Description
Oil Free Fatty Acid Moisture
42% base level 1% base level 8% maximum
Test Weight Protein Seed Retention Germination
62 kg/hl minimum n/a n/a n/a
Defective Canola (Maximum % wt/wt based on cleaned half litre sample retained above 1.0mm round hole sieve) Broken or Split 7% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum Total Defective, including: Damaged Sprouted Green 10% maximum 3% maximum 5% maximum 2% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum, rejectable over 10% 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum No penalty up to a maximum of 2%, rejectable over 2% using the ruler method. Alternatively, determine as chlorophyll, with a maximum of 12ppm and rejectable over.
Contaminants (Maximum per half litre unless otherwise stated, rejectable over unless deductions are stated as applying) Impurities 3% maximum Is all material falling through the 1.0mm round hole screen. 1% deduction for each 1% of impurities up to 4%, 2% deduction for each 1% of impurities over 4%. Snails/Stones Nil above screen Nil tolerance per 2.5 litre sample for any snails/stones remaining above a 3.0 mm round hole screen. If one snail/stone is found above the screen in the ½ litre sample, then a further four ½ litre samples should be taken. If a snail/stone is found in any one of the subsequent samples, the load is to be rejected. Tolerance of 1 stone/snail per ½ litre sample, passing through a 3.0 mm round hole screen. Includes Rutherglen bugs, ladybirds, grasshoppers and wood bugs Includes all species of aphid and all species of mites Maximum of all pieces aligned end on end Harmful substances include live or dead stored grain product insects, live or dead pea weevil, glass, metal, specified weed seeds in excess of the limit prescribed in any of the State Stockfeed Regulations lists of permitted weed seeds, the presence of pre or post-harvest chemicals not registered for use, used in excess of permitted levels or with residues in excess of their permitted levels, smut, material imparting an odour to the grain, sand, earth, sticks and pickled grain. Includes Degraded seed such as smutty seed, hot seed, musty seed, sour seed, mouldy seed.
Field Insects Ryegrass Ergot Objectionable Material
1 stone/snail per ½ litre below screen 10 large per ½ litre 100 small per ½ litre 0.5cm maximum nil
Seed Contaminants (maximum tolerance per half litre to apply to individual seeds, rejectable over) Type A nil Alligator Weed, Cape Tulips, Castor Oil Plant, Coriander, Creeping Knapweed, Darling Pea, Dodder, Giant Sensitive Plant, Opium Poppy, Parthenium Weed, Ragweed, Rattlepod, Saffron Thistle, Star Burr, Stinkwort, St. Johns Wort Type B 1 Burrs (Xanthium spp.) – all except where otherwise stated, Wild Mignonette Type C 2 Crow Garlic, Skeleton Weed, Thornapple Type D 3 Common Heliotrope, Darnel, Hexham Scent, Jute, Mexican Poppy, Mintweed, Nightshade Type E 65 Sesbania Pea
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Section 1 AOF 1-1
Commodity : RAPESEED Parameter
Table 3: Rapeseed Standard
Standard Reference No: CSO 2
Specification
Comment/Price Adjustment Rapeseed tended for delivery shall be free from any uncharacteristic odours, live stored product insect infestation and any nominated commercially unacceptable contaminant 1.5% premium or deduction for each 1% above or below 42% Immediate processing - if accepted over the maximum, 2% deduction for each 1% over maximum For storage - if accepted over the maximum, 1.5% deduction for each 1% over maximum plus a drying charge
Physical & Chemical Parameters General Oil Moisture 42% base level 8% maximum
Test Weight Protein Seed Retention Germination
n/a n/a n/a n/a
Defective Rapeseed (Maximum % wt/wt based on cleaned half litre sample retained above 1.0mm round hole sieve) Broken or Split 7% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum Total Defective, including: Damaged Sprouted Green 10% maximum 3% maximum 5% maximum 2% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum, rejectable over 10% 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum No penalty up to a maximum of 2%, rejectable over 2% using the ruler method. Alternatively, determine as chlorophyll, with a maximum of 12ppm and rejectable over.
Contaminants (Maximum per half litre unless otherwise stated, rejectable over unless deductions are stated as applying) Impurities 3% maximum 1% deduction for each 1% of impurities up to 4%, 2% deduction for each 1% of impurities over 4% Snails/Stones Nil above screen Nil tolerance per 2.5 litre sample for any snails/stones remaining above a 3.0 mm round hole screen. If one snail/stone is found above the screen in the ½ litre sample, then a further four ½ litre samples should be taken. If a snail/stone is found in any one of the subsequent samples, the load is to be rejected. Tolerance of 1 stone/snail per ½ litre sample, passing through a 3.0 mm round hole screen Includes Rutherglen bugs, ladybirds, grasshoppers and wood bugs Includes all species of aphid and all species of mites Maximum of all pieces aligned end on end Harmful substances include live or dead stored grain product insects, live or dead pea weevil, glass, metal, specified weed seeds in excess of the limit prescribed in any of the State Stockfeed Regulations lists of permitted weed seeds, the presence of pre or post-harvest chemicals not registered for use, used in excess of permitted levels or with residues in excess of their permitted levels, smut, material imparting an odour to the grain, sand, earth, sticks and pickled grain. Includes Degraded seed such as smutty seed, hot seed, musty seed, sour seed, mouldy seed.
Field Insects Ryegrass Ergot Objectionable Material
1 stone/snail per ½ litre below screen 10 large per ½ litre 100 small per ½ litre 0.5cm maximum nil
Seed Contaminants (maximum tolerance per half litre to apply to individual seeds, rejectable over) Type A nil Alligator Weed, Cape Tulips, Castor Oil Plant, Coriander, Creeping Knapweed, Darling Pea, Dodder, Giant Sensitive Plant, Opium Poppy, Parthenium Weed, Ragweed, Rattlepod, Saffron Thistle, Star Burr, Stinkwort, St. Johns Wort Type B 1 Burrs (Xanthium spp.) – all except where otherwise stated, Wild Mignonette Type C 2 Crow Garlic, Skeleton Weed, Thornapple Type D 3 Common Heliotrope, Darnel, Hexham Scent, Jute, Mexican Poppy, Mintweed, Nightshade Type E 65 Sesbania Pea
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Section 1 AOF 1-1
Table 4: Polyunsaturated Sunflower Standard
Standard Reference No: CSO 3 Comment/Price Adjustment Sunflower tended for delivery shall be free from any uncharacteristic odours, live stored product insect infestation and any nominated commercially unacceptable contaminant 1.5% premium or deduction for each 1% above or below 40% Rejectable under this limit Immediate processing - if accepted over the maximum, 2% deduction for each 1% over maximum For storage - if accepted over the maximum, 1.5% deduction for each 1% over maximum plus a drying charge Rejectable under this limit
Commodity : SUNFLOWER - Polyunsaturated Parameter Specification Physical & Chemical Parameters General Oil Linoleic Acid Moisture 40% base level 62% minimum 9% maximum
Test Weight Protein Seed Retention Germination
32kg/hl minimum n/a n/a n/a
Defective Sunflower (Maximum % wt/wt based on cleaned half litre sample retained above 2mm round hole sieve) Broken or Split 7% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum Total Defective, including: Damaged Sprouted 10% maximum 3% maximum 5% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum, rejectable over 10% 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum
Contaminants (Maximum per half litre unless otherwise stated, rejectable over unless deductions are stated as applying) Impurities 4% maximum 1% deduction for each 1% of impurities up to 4%, 2% deduction for each 1% of impurities over 4% Snails/Stones Nil above screen Nil tolerance per 2.5 litre sample for any snails/stones remaining above a 3.0 mm round hole screen. If one snail/stone is found above the screen in the ½ litre sample, then a further four ½ litre samples should be taken. If a snail/stone is found in any one of the subsequent samples, the load is to be rejected. Tolerance of 1 stone/snail per ½ litre sample, passing through a 3.0 mm round hole screen Includes Rutherglen bugs, ladybirds, grasshoppers and wood bugs Includes all species of aphid and all species of mites Maximum of all pieces aligned end on end Harmful substances include live or dead stored grain product insects, live or dead pea weevil, glass, metal, specified weed seeds in excess of the limit prescribed in any of the State Stockfeed Regulations lists of permitted weed seeds, the presence of pre or post-harvest chemicals not registered for use, used in excess of permitted levels or with residues in excess of their permitted levels, smut, material imparting an odour to the grain, sand, earth, sticks and pickled grain. Includes Degraded seed such as smutty seed, hot seed, musty seed, sour seed, mouldy seed.
Field Insects Ryegrass Ergot Objectionable Material
1 stone/snail per ½ litre below screen 10 large per ½ litre 100 small per ½ litre 0.5cm maximum nil
Seed Contaminants (maximum tolerance per half litre to apply to individual seeds, rejectable over) Type A nil Alligator Weed, Cape Tulips, Castor Oil Plant, Coriander, Creeping Knapweed, Darling Pea, Dodder, Giant Sensitive Plant, Opium Poppy, Parthenium Weed, Ragweed, Rattlepod, Saffron Thistle, Star Burr, Stinkwort, St. Johns Wort Type B 1 Burrs (Xanthium spp.) – all except where otherwise stated, Wild Mignonette Type C 2 Crow Garlic, Skeleton Weed, Thornapple Type D 3 Common Heliotrope, Darnel, Hexham Scent, Jute, Mexican Poppy, Mintweed, Nightshade Type E 65 Sesbania Pea
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Section 1 AOF 1-1
Table 5: Monounsaturated Sunflower Standard
Standard Reference No: CSO 4
Commodity : SUNFLOWER – Monounsaturated Parameter Specification Comment/Price Adjustment Physical & Chemical Parameters General Oil Oleic Acid Moisture 40% base level 80% minimum 9% maximum
Sunflower tended for delivery shall be free from any uncharacteristic odours, live stored product insect infestation and any nominated commercially unacceptable contaminant 1.5% premium or deduction for each 1% above or below 40% Rejectable under this limit Immediate processing - if accepted over the maximum, 2% deduction for each 1% over maximum For storage - if accepted over the maximum, 1.5% deduction for each 1% over maximum plus a drying charge Rejectable under this limit
Test Weight Protein Seed Retention Germination
32kg/hl minimum n/a n/a n/a
Defective Sunflower (Maximum % wt/wt based on cleaned half litre sample retained above 2mm round hole sieve) Broken or Split 7% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum Total Defective, including: Damaged Sprouted 10% maximum 3% maximum 5% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum, rejectable over 10% 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum
Contaminants (Maximum per half litre unless otherwise stated, rejectable over unless deductions are stated as applying) Impurities 4% maximum 1% deduction for each 1% of impurities up to 4%, 2% deduction for each 1% of impurities over 4% Snails/Stones Nil above screen Nil tolerance per 2.5 litre sample for any snails/stones remaining above a 3.0 mm round hole screen. If one snail/stone is found above the screen in the ½ litre sample, then a further four ½ litre samples should be taken. If a snail/stone is found in any one of the subsequent samples, the load is to be rejected. Tolerance of 1 stone/snail per ½ litre sample, passing through a 3.0 mm round hole screen Includes Rutherglen bugs, ladybirds, grasshoppers and wood bugs Includes all species of aphid and all species of mites Maximum of all pieces aligned end on end Harmful substances include live or dead stored grain product insects, live or dead pea weevil, glass, metal, specified weed seeds in excess of the limit prescribed in any of the State Stockfeed Regulations lists of permitted weed seeds, the presence of pre or post-harvest chemicals not registered for use, used in excess of permitted levels or with residues in excess of their permitted levels, smut, material imparting an odour to the grain, sand, earth, sticks and pickled grain. Includes Degraded seed such as smutty seed, hot seed, musty seed, sour seed, mouldy seed.
Field Insects Ryegrass Ergot Objectionable Material
1 stone/snail per ½ litre below screen 10 large per ½ litre 100 small per ½ litre 0.5cm maximum nil
Seed Contaminants (maximum tolerance per half litre to apply to individual seeds, rejectable over) Type A nil Alligator Weed, Cape Tulips, Castor Oil Plant, Coriander, Creeping Knapweed, Darling Pea, Dodder, Giant Sensitive Plant, Opium Poppy, Parthenium Weed, Ragweed, Rattlepod, Saffron Thistle, Star Burr, Stinkwort, St. Johns Wort Type B 1 Burrs (Xanthium spp.) – all except where otherwise stated, Wild Mignonette Type C 2 Crow Garlic, Skeleton Weed, Thornapple Type D 3 Common Heliotrope, Darnel, Hexham Scent, Jute, Mexican Poppy, Mintweed, Nightshade Type E 65 Sesbania Pea
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Section 1 AOF 1-1
Table 6: Sunflower Birdseed Grade Standard
Standard Reference No: CSO 5
Commodity : SUNFLOWER BIRDSEED GRADE – Grey Stripe or Black Parameter Specification Comment/Price Adjustment Physical & Chemical Parameters General Oil Moisture Test Weight Protein Seed Retention Germination
The seed shall be free of staining, well defined stripe or shiny black as per type for that variety, fresh, bright and of sound merchantable quality Rejectable over this limit
9% maximum 38kg/hl minimum n/a n/a n/a
See Admixture
Defective Sunflower (Maximum % wt/wt) Broken or Split Total Defective Insect Damaged Sprouted Contaminants (Maximum per half litre unless otherwise stated) Admixture 6.0% maximum by wt Subject to rejection at buyers option over 6.0%. Screen size retention on 7.5 mm round on top screen and throughs on 4.0 mm slot bottom screen Soil Insects Ryegrass Ergot Objectionable Material Nil nil 5 Nil Nil tolerance for soil subject to rejection at buyers’ option Live insects Dead insects Objectionable material is defined as material or evidence of other items that may be found in the delivered product which cannot be processed into a saleable product. • Seed must comply with the Agricultural Standards Regulations regarding pesticides in grain. • No Contaminants e.g. pickle • Nil GMO refers to each contracted commodity • mould , fungus or toxins • Vermin and or excrement. • Any harmful substance including prohibited and noxious seeds as declared by State Legislation and which are not otherwise of commercial quality, will be subject to rejection • Free of odour , rancidity and or mustiness 2.5% Seed or grain
Seed Contaminants (maximum tolerance per half litre to apply to individual seeds) various Where weed seeds are evident in birdseed then the tolerance levels are the same as those nominated in the grain sorghum and or wheat standards.
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Section 1 AOF 1-1
Table 7: Edible Milling Grade Soybean Commodity Standard
Standard Reference No: CSO 6
Commodity : EDIBLE MILLING GRADE SOYBEAN Parameter Description General Genetic Modification Moisture Test Weight Protein Seed Retention Germination nil 12% maximum 70 kg/hl minimum n/a n/a n/a Specification Comment/Variation
Edible soybeans comprising clean, sound, whole soybeans of light hilum varieties suitable for milling into flour Soybeans tended for delivery shall be free from any uncharacteristic odours, live stored product insect infestation and any nominated commercially unacceptable contaminant Beans shall comply with the Australian standard for freedom from genetically modified materials Must be measured by a Trade Certified Chondrometer
Defective Soybeans (Maximum % wt/wt based on cleaned half litre sample retained above 4.75mm round hole sieve) Broken or Split 10% maximum Defined as half soybean or greater parts thereof (with or without hull) that do not come within the definition of damaged soybeans Total Defective n/a Damaged 3% maximum Includes soybeans and pieces of soybean which are frost damaged, badly weather stained, field fungi discoloured (including purple stain), weed stained (including nightshade purple stain), heat damaged, diseased, insect damaged or otherwise materially damaged. Sprouted Nil Soybean that gives any indication of the commencement of growth Green 2% maximum Are soybeans where a cross section shows an intense green colour, or when it is green in colour and of a chalky consistency Discoloured 1 bean maximum per Discoloured soybean that is not indicative of variety. Excessive seed coat staining is ½ litre rejectable by visual inspection Seed Contaminants (Maximum per half litre) Type 1 * individual seed 5 basis Type 2 Type 3 (a) Type 3 (b) Type 3 (c) Type 4 (a) nil 2 4 8 5
Type 5 Type 6 Type 7 (a) Type 7 (b)
10 10 1 5
Small Foreign Seeds
5
Colocynth, Double Gee or Spiny Emex or Three Corner Jack, Long Headed Poppy, Mexican Poppy, Field Poppy, Horned Poppy, Wild Poppy, New Zealand Spinach, Parthenium Weed (Qld only) Castor Oil plant, (Ricinis communis) Coriander, Crow Garlic or wild Garlic, Darling Pea, Opium poppy, Ragweed, Rattlepods, Common Broomrape, Star Burr, St Johns Wort Bathurst burr, Bulls Head or Caltrop or Cats Head, Cape Tulip, Cottonseed, Dodder, Noogoora Burr, Thornapple – (Datura spp or False Castor Oil) Bellvine Vetch (Blue) and Vetch (Commercial) Heliotrope (Blue) and Heliotrope (Common) Bindweed (Field) Cutleaf Mignonette, Darnel, Hexham Scent (Hexham Scent is only acceptable if no tainting odour is present) or King Island Melilot, Hoary Cress, Mintweed, Nightshades, Paddy Melon, Skeleton Weed, Variegated Thistle Creeping Knapweed or Russian Knapweed, Patersons curse or Salvation Jane, Sesbania Pea. Saffron Thistle Chickpeas, Corn (Maize) Cowpea, Faba Beans, Lentils, Lupin, Field Peas, Safflower, Sunflower, Mung Beans Barley, Australian Bindweed, Black Bindweed, Wheat, durum, Black Oats, Sand Oats, Wild Oats, Common Oats, Rice, Rye (Cereal) Triticale, Turnip Weed, Forage Sorghum, any other weed seeds not specified in Types 1 – 7(a) or SFS SFS – Small Foreign Seeds
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Table 7 (cont): Edible Milling Grade Soybean Commodity Standard
CSO 6 Continued
Commodity : EDIBLE MILLING GRADE SOYBEAN Parameter Specification Comment/Variation Other Contaminants (Maximum per half litre) Chemical Treatment nil Specific Allergens nil
Foreign material (below 4.75 mm round hole screen) Unmillable material (above 4.75 mm round hole screen) Smut/Ergot/Sclerotinia Stored Grain Insects - Live Stored Grain Insects - Dead Field Insects Snails Sand/Earth (>/= 4 mm diameter) Sand/Earth (< 4 mm diameter) Objectionable Matter Pickled and coloured seeds Odours – sour and musty
4% maximum by wt 0.5% maximum by wt nil nil 5 maximum 3 maximum 3 maximum nil nil 20 grains nil nil nil
No chemical treatments are to be used on harvested soybeans unless authorised in writing by the buyer. Any other chemical treatments must be declared at the time of delivery Nil presence of peanuts in the form of kernel or peanut shell in any of the soybeans tendered for delivery. Additionally, should any form of peanut trash (including any form of vegetative matter be found in the delivery, the receival agent should be made aware of the heightened risk of peanut allergen and records of the observation retained and the buyer of the grain should be alerted. Should this instance arise, the truck should be re-sampled and reassessed to confirm the absence of peanut shell or kernel. All material other than soybeans passing through a 4.75 mm round hole sieve using 20 shakes including pods, but excluding cottonseed, canola and weed seeds All material other than soybeans retained above a 4.75 mm round hole sieve using 20 shakes including pods, but excluding cottonseed, canola and weed seeds Includes Pea Weevil Dead insect pests of stored grain (includes pea weevil), by count Nizura viridula (Vegetable Bugs) Field insects by count – All others
Sticks, stones, glass, concrete or any other commercially unacceptable contaminant, smell or taste Fusarium (pink) fungal stained, pickled grain Beans which have any foreign odour due to taints or improper storage conditions resulting in mould, souring or musty odours
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Table 8: Edible Manufacturing Grade Soybean Commodity Standard
Commodity: EDIBLE MANUFACTURING GRADE SOYBEAN Standard Reference No: CSO 7 Parameter Specification Comment/Variation Description Edible soybeans comprising clean, sound, whole soybeans of light hilum varieties suitable for production of tofu, tempeh, soymilk etc General Soybeans tended for delivery shall be free from any uncharacteristic odours, live stored product insect infestation and any nominated commercially unacceptable contaminant Genetic Modification Moisture Test Weight Protein Seed Retention Germination nil 12% maximum 70 kg/hl minimum 40% DMB 90% minimum 85% minimum Beans shall comply with the Australian standard for freedom from genetically modified materials Must be measured by a Trade Certified Chondrometer Measured on a dry matter basis Retained on a 6mm round hole screen after removing screenings through a 4.75 mm round screen
Defective Beans (Maximum % wt/wt based on a cleaned half litre sample retained above a 4.75 round screen) Broken or Split 5% maximum Defined as half soybean or greater parts thereof (with or without hull) that do not come within the definition of damaged soybeans Total Defective n/a Damaged 3% maximum Includes soybeans and pieces of soybean which are frost damaged, badly weather stained, field fungi discoloured (including purple stain), weed stained (including nightshade purple stain), heat damaged, diseased, insect damaged or otherwise materially damaged. Sprouted Nil Soybean that gives any indication of the commencement of growth Green 2% maximum Are soybeans where a cross section shows an intense green colour, or when it is green in colour and of a chalky consistency Discoloured 1 bean maximum Discoloured soybean that is not indicative of variety. Excessive seed coat staining is per ½ litre rejectable by visual inspection Seed Contaminants (Maximum per half litre) Type 1 * individual seed 5 basis Type 2 Type 3 (a) Type 3 (b) Type 3 (c) Type 4 (a) nil 2 4 8 5
Type 5 Type 6 Type 7 (a) Type 7 (b)
10 10 1 5
Small Foreign Seeds
5
Colocynth, Double Gee or Spiny Emex or Three Corner Jack, Long Headed Poppy, Mexican Poppy, Field Poppy, Horned Poppy, Wild Poppy, New Zealand Spinach, Parthenium Weed (Qld only) Castor Oil plant, (Ricinis communis) Coriander, Crow Garlic or wild Garlic, Darling Pea, Opium poppy, Ragweed, Rattlepods, Common Broomrape, Star Burr, St Johns Wort Bathurst burr, Bulls Head or Caltrop or Cats Head, Cape Tulip, Cottonseed, Dodder, Noogoora Burr, Thornapple – (Datura spp or False Castor Oil) Bellvine Vetch (Blue) and Vetch (Commercial) Heliotrope (Blue) and Heliotrope (Common) Bindweed (Field) Cutleaf Mignonette, Darnel, Hexham Scent (Hexham Scent is only acceptable if no tainting odour is present) or King Island Melilot, Hoary Cress, Mintweed, Nightshades, Paddy Melon, Skeleton Weed, Variegated Thistle Creeping Knapweed or Russian Knapweed, Patersons curse or Salvation Jane, Sesbania Pea. Saffron Thistle Chickpeas, Corn (Maize) Cowpea, Faba Beans, Lentils, Lupin, Field Peas, Safflower, Sunflower, Mung Beans. Barley, Australian Bindweed, Black Bindweed, Wheat, durum, Black Oats, Sand Oats, Wild Oats, Common Oats, Rice, Rye (Cereal) Triticale, Turnip Weed, Forage Sorghum, any other weed seeds not specified in Types 1 – 7 or SFS SFS – Small Foreign Seeds
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Table 8 (cont): Edible Manufacturing Grade Soybean Commodity Standard
CSO 7 Continued
Commodity: EDIBLE MANUFACTURING GRADE SOYBEAN Parameter Specification Comment/Variation OTHER CONTAMINANTS (Maximum per half litre) Chemical Treatment nil Specific Allergens nil
Foreign material (below 4.75 mm round hole screen) Unmillable material (above 4.75 mm round hole screen) Smut/Ergot/Sclerotinia Stored Grain Insects - Live Stored Grain Insects - Dead Field Insects Snails Sand/Earth (>/= 4 mm diameter) Sand/Earth (< 4 mm diameter) Objectionable Matter Pickled and coloured seeds Odours – sour and musty
3% maximum by wt 0.5% maximum by wt nil nil 5 maximum 3 maximum 3 maximum nil nil 20 grains nil nil nil
No chemical treatments are to be used on harvested soybeans unless authorised in writing by the buyer. Any other chemical treatments must be declared at the time of delivery Nil presence of peanuts in the form of kernel or peanut shell in any of the soybeans tendered for delivery. Additionally, should any form of peanut trash (including any form of vegetative matter be found in the delivery, the receival agent should be made aware of the heightened risk of peanut allergen and records of the observation retained and the buyer of the grain should be alerted. Should this instance arise, the truck should be resampled and reassessed to confirm the absence of peanut shell or kernel. All material other than soybeans passing through a 4.75 mm round hole sieve using 20 shakes including pods, but excluding cottonseed, canola and weed seeds All material other than soybeans retained above a 4.75 mm round hole sieve using 20 shakes including pods, but excluding cottonseed, canola and weed seeds Includes Pea Weevil Dead insect pests of stored grain (includes pea weevil), by count Nizura viridula (Vegetable Bugs) Field insects by count – All others
Sticks, stones, glass, concrete, or any other commercially unacceptable contaminant, smell or taste Fusarium (pink) fungal stained, pickled grain Beans which have any foreign odour due to taints or improper storage conditions resulting in mould, souring or musty odours
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Commodity : SOYBEAN Parameter
Table 9: Crushing Soybean Standard
Standard Reference No: CSO 8
Specification
Comment/Price Adjustment Soybeans tended for delivery shall be free from any uncharacteristic odours, live stored product insect infestation and any nominated commercially unacceptable contaminant
Physical & Chemical Parameters General Oil Linoleic Acid Oleic Acid Moisture n/a n/a n/a 13% maximum
Immediate processing - if accepted over the maximum, 2% deduction for each 1% over maximum For storage - if accepted over the maximum, 1.5% deduction for each 1% over maximum plus a drying charge
Test Weight Protein Seed Retention Germination
n/a n/a n/a n/a
Defective Soybeans (Maximum % wt/wt based on cleaned half litre sample retained above 3.175mm round hole sieve) Broken or Split 20% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum Total Defective, including: Damaged Sprouted 10% maximum 3% maximum 5% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum, rejectable over 10% 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum
Contaminants (Maximum per half litre unless otherwise stated, rejectable over unless deductions are stated as applying) Impurities 4% maximum 1% deduction for each 1% of impurities up to 4%, 2% deduction for each 1% of impurities over 4% Snails/Stones Nil above screen Nil tolerance per 2.5 litre sample for any snails/stones remaining above a 3.0 mm round hole screen. If one snail/stone is found above the screen in the ½ litre sample, then a further four ½ litre samples should be taken. If a snail/stone is found in any one of the subsequent samples, the load is to be rejected. Tolerance of 1 stone/snail per ½ litre sample, passing through a 3.0 mm round hole screen Including Rutherglen bugs, ladybirds, grasshoppers and wood bugs Including all species of aphid and all species of mites Maximum of all pieces aligned end on end Harmful substances include live or dead stored grain product insects, live or dead pea weevil, glass, metal, specified weed seeds in excess of the limit prescribed in any of the State Stockfeed Regulations lists of permitted weed seeds, the presence of pre or post-harvest chemicals not registered for use, used in excess of permitted levels or with residues in excess of their permitted levels, smut, material imparting an odour to the grain, sand, earth, sticks and pickled grain. Includes Degraded seed such as smutty seed, hot seed, musty seed, sour seed, mouldy seed.
Field Insects Ryegrass Ergot Objectionable Material
1 stone/snail per ½ litre below screen 10 large per ½ litre 100 small per ½ litre 0.5cm maximum nil
Seed Contaminants (maximum tolerance per half litre to apply to individual seeds, rejectable over) Type A nil Alligator Weed, Cape Tulips, Castor Oil Plant, Coriander, Creeping Knapweed, Darling Pea, Dodder, Giant Sensitive Plant, Opium Poppy, Parthenium Weed, Ragweed, Rattlepod, Saffron Thistle, Star Burr, Stinkwort, St. Johns Wort Type B 1 Burrs (Xanthium spp.) – all except where otherwise stated, Wild Mignonette Type C 2 Crow Garlic, Skeleton Weed, Thornapple Type D 3 Common Heliotrope, Darnel, Hexham Scent, Jute, Mexican Poppy, Mintweed, Nightshade Type E 65 Sesbania Pea
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Commodity : COTTONSEED Parameter
Table 10: Cottonseed Standard
Standard Reference No: CSO 9 Specification Comment/Price Adjustment Cottonseed tended for delivery should predominantly be of a white colour and be free from rancidity and musty or commercially unacceptable contaminant n/a n/a n/a 11% maximum n/a 15% minimum n/a n/a
Physical & Chemical Parameters General Oil Linoleic Acid Oleic Acid Moisture Test Weight Protein Seed Retention Germination
AOCS Aa 3-38. May be rejectable over 11%
Defective Cottonseed (Maximum % wt/wt based on a 0.5kg sample). May be rejectable over. Total Defective, of which 5% maximum, of which Damaged Weather Damaged/Field Fungi Sprouted 1% maximum 2% maximum 2% maximum
Contaminants (Maximum per 0.5kg unless otherwise stated). May be rejectable over. Foreign Material, including Seed 2% maximum Unless tighter limits apply as per State Stockfeed legislation contaminants Stones Nil Field Insects 10 Sitona weevil 3 All others Stored Product Insects Nil May be rejectable over Ryegrass Ergot As per State Legislation Objectionable Material nil Nil substances harmful to animal health including glass, metal, sticks, soil, smut, pre or post-harvest chemicals not registered for use or at levels in excess of permitted levels
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Table 11: Polyunsaturated Safflower Standard
Standard Reference No: CSO 10 Comment/Price Adjustment Safflower tended for delivery shall be free from any uncharacteristic odours, live stored product insect infestation and any nominated commercially unacceptable contaminant 2% premium or deduction for each 1% above or below 38% Rejectable under this limit Immediate processing - if accepted over the maximum, 2% deduction for each 1% over maximum For storage - if accepted over the maximum, 1.5% deduction for each 1% over maximum plus a drying charge
Commodity : SAFFLOWER - Polyunsaturated Parameter Specification Physical & Chemical Parameters General Oil Linoleic Acid Moisture 38% base level 75% minimum 8% maximum
Test Weight Protein Seed Retention Germination
n/a n/a n/a n/a
Defective Safflower (Maximum % wt/wt based on cleaned half litre sample retained above 2.0mm round hole sieve) Broken or Split 7% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum Total Defective, including: Damaged Sprouted 10% maximum 3% maximum 5% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum, rejectable over 10% 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum
Contaminants (Maximum per half litre unless otherwise stated, rejectable over unless deductions are stated as applying) Impurities 4% maximum 1% deduction for each 1% of impurities up to 4%, 2% deduction for each 1% of impurities over 4% Snails/Stones Nil above screen Nil tolerance per 2.5 litre sample for any snails/stones remaining above a 3.0 mm round hole screen. If one snail/stone is found above the screen in the ½ litre sample, then a further four ½ litre samples should be taken. If a snail/stone is found in any one of the subsequent samples, the load is to be rejected. Tolerance of 1 stone/snail per ½ litre sample, passing through a 3.0 mm round hole screen Includes Rutherglen bugs, ladybirds, grasshoppers and wood bugs Includes all species of aphid and all species of mites Maximum of all pieces aligned end on end Harmful substances include live or dead stored grain product insects, live or dead pea weevil, glass, metal, specified weed seeds in excess of the limit prescribed in any of the State Stockfeed Regulations lists of permitted weed seeds, the presence of pre or post-harvest chemicals not registered for use, used in excess of permitted levels or with residues in excess of their permitted levels, smut, material imparting an odour to the grain, sand, earth, sticks and pickled grain. Includes Degraded seed such as smutty seed, hot seed, musty seed, sour seed, mouldy seed.
Field Insects Ryegrass Ergot Objectionable Material
1 stone/snail per ½ litre below screen 10 large per ½ litre 100 small per ½ litre 0.5cm maximum nil
Seed Contaminants (maximum tolerance per half litre to apply to individual seeds, rejectable over) Type A nil Alligator Weed, Cape Tulips, Castor Oil Plant, Coriander, Creeping Knapweed, Darling Pea, Dodder, Giant Sensitive Plant, Opium Poppy, Parthenium Weed, Ragweed, Rattlepod, Saffron Thistle, Star Burr, Stinkwort, St. Johns Wort Type B 1 Burrs (Xanthium spp.) – all except where otherwise stated, Wild Mignonette Type C 2 Crow Garlic, Skeleton Weed, Thornapple Type D 3 Common Heliotrope, Darnel, Hexham Scent, Jute, Mexican Poppy, Mintweed, Nightshade Type E 65 Sesbania Pea
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Table 12: Monounsaturated Safflower Standard
Standard Reference No: CSO 11 Comment/Price Adjustment Safflower tended for delivery shall be free from any uncharacteristic odours, live stored product insect infestation and any nominated commercially unacceptable contaminant 2% premium or deduction for each 1% above or below 38% Rejectable under this limit Immediate processing - if accepted over the maximum, 2% deduction for each 1% over maximum For storage - if accepted over the maximum, 1.5% deduction for each 1% over maximum plus a drying charge
Commodity : SAFFLOWER – Monounsaturated Parameter Specification Physical & Chemical Parameters General Oil Oleic Acid Moisture 38% base level 75% minimum 8% maximum
Test Weight Protein Seed Retention Germination
n/a n/a n/a n/a
Defective Safflower (Maximum % wt/wt based on cleaned half litre sample retained above 2.0mm round hole sieve) Broken or Split 7% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum Total Defective, including: Damaged Sprouted 10% maximum 3% maximum 5% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum, rejectable over 10% 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum
Contaminants (Maximum per half litre unless otherwise stated, rejectable over unless deductions are stated as applying) Impurities 4% maximum 1% deduction for each 1% of impurities up to 4%, 2% deduction for each 1% of impurities over 4% Snails/Stones Nil above screen Nil tolerance per 2.5 litre sample for any snails/stones remaining above a 3.0 mm round hole screen. If one snail/stone is found above the screen in the ½ litre sample, then a further four ½ litre samples should be taken. If a snail/stone is found in any one of the subsequent samples, the load is to be rejected. Tolerance of 1 stone/snail per ½ litre sample, passing through a 3.0 mm round hole screen Includes Rutherglen bugs, ladybirds, grasshoppers and wood bugs Includes all species of aphid and all species of mites Maximum of all pieces aligned end on end Harmful substances include live or dead stored grain product insects, live or dead pea weevil, glass, metal, specified weed seeds in excess of the limit prescribed in any of the State Stockfeed Regulations lists of permitted weed seeds, the presence of pre or post-harvest chemicals not registered for use, used in excess of permitted levels or with residues in excess of their permitted levels, smut, material imparting an odour to the grain, sand, earth, sticks and pickled grain. Includes Degraded seed such as smutty seed, hot seed, musty seed, sour seed, mouldy seed.
Field Insects Ryegrass Ergot Objectionable Material
1 stone/snail per ½ litre below screen 10 large per ½ litre 100 small per ½ litre 0.5cm maximum nil
Seed Contaminants (maximum tolerance per half litre to apply to individual seeds, rejectable over) Type A nil Alligator Weed, Cape Tulips, Castor Oil Plant, Coriander, Creeping Knapweed, Darling Pea, Dodder, Giant Sensitive Plant, Opium Poppy, Parthenium Weed, Ragweed, Rattlepod, Saffron Thistle, Star Burr, Stinkwort, St. Johns Wort Type B 1 Burrs (Xanthium spp.) – all except where otherwise stated, Wild Mignonette Type C 2 Crow Garlic, Skeleton Weed, Thornapple Type D 3 Common Heliotrope, Darnel, Hexham Scent, Jute, Mexican Poppy, Mintweed, Nightshade Type E 65 Sesbania Pea
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Commodity : LINSEED Parameter
Table 13: Linseed Standard
Standard Reference No: CSO 12
Specification
Comment/Price Adjustment Linseed tended for delivery shall be free from any uncharacteristic odours, live stored product insect infestation and any nominated commercially unacceptable contaminant 1.5% premium or deduction for each 1% above or below 39% Immediate processing - if accepted over the maximum, 2% deduction for each 1% over maximum For storage - if accepted over the maximum, 1.5% deduction for each 1% over maximum plus a drying charge
Physical & Chemical Parameters General Oil Moisture 39% base level 10% maximum
Test Weight Protein Seed Retention Germination
n/a n/a n/a n/a
Defective Linseed (Maximum % wt/wt based on cleaned half litre sample retained above 1mm round hole sieve) Broken or Split 7% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum Total Defective, including: Damaged Sprouted 10% maximum 3% maximum 5% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum, rejectable over 10% 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum
Contaminants (Maximum per half litre unless otherwise stated, rejectable over unless deductions are stated as applying) Impurities 4% maximum 1% deduction for each 1% of impurities up to 4%, 2% for each 1% of impurities over 4% Snails/Stones Nil above screen Nil tolerance per 2.5 litre sample for any snails/stones remaining above a 3.0 mm round hole screen. If one snail/stone is found above the screen in the ½ litre sample, then a further four ½ litre samples should be taken. If a snail/stone is found in any one of the subsequent samples, the load is to be rejected. Tolerance of 1 stone/snail per ½ litre sample, passing through a 3.0 mm round hole screen Includes Rutherglen bugs, ladybirds, grasshoppers and wood bugs Includes all species of aphid and all species of mites Maximum of all pieces aligned end on end Harmful substances include live or dead stored grain product insects, live or dead pea weevil, glass, metal, specified weed seeds in excess of the limit prescribed in any of the State Stockfeed Regulations lists of permitted weed seeds, the presence of pre or post-harvest chemicals not registered for use, used in excess of permitted levels or with residues in excess of their permitted levels, smut, material imparting an odour to the grain, sand, earth, sticks and pickled grain. Includes Degraded seed such as smutty seed, hot seed, musty seed, sour seed, mouldy seed.
Field Insects Ryegrass Ergot Objectionable Material
1 stone/snail per ½ litre below screen 10 large per ½ litre 100 small per ½ litre 0.5cm maximum nil
Seed Contaminants (maximum tolerance per half litre to apply to individual seeds, rejectable over) Type A nil Alligator Weed, Cape Tulips, Castor Oil Plant, Coriander, Creeping Knapweed, Darling Pea, Dodder, Giant Sensitive Plant, Opium Poppy, Parthenium Weed, Ragweed, Rattlepod, Saffron Thistle, Star Burr, Stinkwort, St. Johns Wort Type B 1 Burrs (Xanthium spp.) – all except where otherwise stated, Wild Mignonette Type C 2 Crow Garlic, Skeleton Weed, Thornapple Type D 3 Common Heliotrope, Darnel, Hexham Scent, Jute, Mexican Poppy, Mintweed, Nightshade Type E 65 Sesbania Pea
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Commodity : LINOLA Parameter
Table 14: Linola Standard
Standard Reference No: CSO 13
Specification
Comment/Price Adjustment Linola tended for delivery shall be free from any uncharacteristic odours, live stored product insect infestation and any nominated commercially unacceptable contaminant 1.5% premium or deduction for each 1% above or below 40% Rejectable under this limit Rejectable over this limit Immediate processing - if accepted over the maximum, 2% deduction for each 1% over maximum For storage - if accepted over the maximum, 1.5% deduction for each 1% over maximum plus a drying charge
Physical & Chemical Parameters General Oil Linoleic Acid Linolenic Acid Moisture 40% minimum 66% minimum 3% maximum 9% maximum
Test Weight Protein Seed Retention Germination
n/a n/a n/a n/a
Defective Linola (Maximum % wt/wt based on cleaned half litre sample retained above 1mm round hole sieve) Broken or Split 7% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum Total Defective, including: Damaged Sprouted 10% maximum 3% maximum 5% maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum, rejectable over 10% 0.5% deduction for each 1% over the maximum
Contaminants (Maximum per half litre unless otherwise stated, rejectable over unless deductions are stated as applying) Impurities 3% maximum 1% deduction for each 1% of impurities up to 4%, 2% deduction for each 1% of impurities over 4% Cruciferous seeds Snails/Stones 1% maximum Nil above screen Maximum of 1% Cruciferous seeds Nil tolerance per 2.5 litre sample for any snails/stones remaining above a 3.0 mm round hole screen. If one snail/stone is found above the screen in the ½ litre sample, then a further four ½ litre samples should be taken. If a snail/stone is found in any one of the subsequent samples, the load is to be rejected. Tolerance of 1 stone/snail per ½ litre sample, passing through a 3.0 mm round hole screen Includes Rutherglen bugs, ladybirds, grasshoppers and wood bugs Includes all species of aphid and all species of mites Maximum of all pieces aligned end on end Harmful substances include live or dead stored grain product insects, live or dead pea weevil, glass, metal, specified weed seeds in excess of the limit prescribed in any of the State Stockfeed Regulations lists of permitted weed seeds, the presence of pre or post-harvest chemicals not registered for use, used in excess of permitted levels or with residues in excess of their permitted levels, smut, material imparting an odour to the grain, sand, earth, sticks and pickled grain. Includes Degraded seed such as smutty seed, hot seed, musty seed, sour seed, mouldy seed.
Field Insects Ryegrass Ergot Objectionable Material
1 stone/snail per ½ litre below screen 10 large per ½ litre 100 small per ½ litre 0.5cm maximum nil
Seed Contaminants (maximum tolerance per half litre to apply to individual seeds, rejectable over) Type A nil Alligator Weed, Cape Tulips, Castor Oil Plant, Coriander, Creeping Knapweed, Darling Pea, Dodder, Giant Sensitive Plant, Opium Poppy, Parthenium Weed, Ragweed, Rattlepod, Saffron Thistle, Star Burr, Stinkwort, St. Johns Wort Type B 1 Burrs (Xanthium spp.) – all except where otherwise stated, Wild Mignonette Type C 2 Crow Garlic, Skeleton Weed, Thornapple Type D 3 Common Heliotrope, Darnel, Hexham Scent, Jute, Mexican Poppy, Mintweed, Nightshade Type E 65 Sesbania Pea
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Commodity : PEANUT Parameter
Table 15: Peanut Standard
Standard Reference No: CSO 14
Specification
Comment/Price Adjustment The peanuts tended for delivery shall be free from any uncharacteristic odours, live stored product insect infestation and any nominated commercially unacceptable contaminant 1.5% premium or deduction for each 1% above or below 41% 2% deduction for each 1% of FFA up to 3%, 3% deduction for each 1% of FFA between 3% and 5%. Rejectable over 5%. Applied on clean seed. Immediate processing - if accepted over the maximum, 2% deduction for each 1% over maximum For storage - if accepted over the maximum, 1.5% deduction for each 1% over maximum plus a drying charge
Physical & Chemical Parameters General Oil Free Fatty Acid Moisture 41% base level 2% base level 9% maximum
Test Weight Protein Seed Retention Germination
n/a n/a n/a n/a
Defective Peanuts (Maximum % wt/wt based on cleaned half litre sample retained above 2mm round hole sieve) Broken or Split n/a Total Defective, including: Damaged Sprouted n/a n/a n/a
Contaminants (Maximum per half litre unless otherwise stated, rejectable over unless deductions are stated as applying) Impurities 4% maximum 1% deduction for each 1% of impurities up to 4%, 1.5% deduction for each 1% of impurities over 4% Snails/Stones Nil above screen Nil tolerance per 2.5 litre sample for any snails/stones remaining above a 3.0 mm round hole screen. If one snail/stone is found above the screen in the ½ litre sample, then a further four ½ litre samples should be taken. If a snail/stone is found in any one of the subsequent samples, the load is to be rejected. Tolerance of 1 stone/snail per ½ litre sample, passing through a 3.0 mm round hole screen Includes Rutherglen bugs, ladybirds, grasshoppers and wood bugs Includes all species of aphid and all species of mites Maximum of all pieces aligned end on end Harmful substances include live or dead stored grain product insects, live or dead pea weevil, glass, metal, specified weed seeds in excess of the limit prescribed in any of the State Stockfeed Regulations lists of permitted weed seeds, the presence of pre or post-harvest chemicals not registered for use, used in excess of permitted levels or with residues in excess of their permitted levels, smut, material imparting an odour to the grain, sand, earth, sticks and pickled grain. Includes Degraded seed such as smutty seed, hot seed, musty seed, sour seed, mouldy seed.
Field Insects Ryegrass Ergot Objectionable Material
1 stone/snail per ½ litre below screen 10 large per ½ litre 100 small per ½ litre 0.5cm maximum nil
Seed Contaminants (maximum tolerance per half litre to apply to individual seeds, rejectable over) Type A nil Alligator Weed, Cape Tulips, Castor Oil Plant, Coriander, Creeping Knapweed, Darling Pea, Dodder, Giant Sensitive Plant, Opium Poppy, Parthenium Weed, Ragweed, Rattlepod, Saffron Thistle, Star Burr, Stinkwort, St. Johns Wort Type B 1 Burrs (Xanthium spp.) – all except where otherwise stated, Wild Mignonette Type C 2 Crow Garlic, Skeleton Weed, Thornapple Type D 3 Common Heliotrope, Darnel, Hexham Scent, Jute, Mexican Poppy, Mintweed, Nightshade Type E 65 Sesbania Pea
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 1-1
Page 35 of 70
4.0
4.1
PRICE ADJUSTMENTS
General Where stated in the comment/price adjustment column and agreed by the buyer, several commodities may be accepted at Receival with an impurities level over the tolerance limit. However acceptance of commodities over this limit is not mandatory. Where a commodity is accepted over the Standard limit for impurities, in addition to the adjusting charge the buyer may also apply a grading charge which is calculated at their own discretion.
For cottonseed, edible milling grade soybeans and edible manufacturing grade soybeans no price
adjustments are applicable for impurity content.
For other commodities, namely linseed, sunflower, safflower, soybean, canola, linola, rapeseed and peanuts, the impurity content or, where over 4%, the corrected impurity content, shall be deducted from
the gross weight of seed received to give the Corrected Net Weight from which shall be calculated the Clean Seed Value. The Clean Seed Value shall be the basis for calculation of all premiums and deductions. In relation to premium and deduction adjustments, fractions will be in proportion. Peanuts for oil extraction are generally purchased as a by-product of the preparation of food-grade nuts. In this case rejection clauses may not apply. Price adjustments shall be applied to the Clean Seed Value. 4.2 Corrected Net Weight
For linseed, sunflower, safflower and soybean the standard impurity limit is 4%, over which the seed is rejectable. If accepted, the gross weight shall be adjusted by a 1% deduction for each 1% of impurity up to 4% and a 2% deduction for each 1% of impurity over 4% (fractions in proportion). For canola, linola and rapeseed the standard impurity limit is 3%, over which the seed is rejectable. If accepted, the gross weight shall be adjusted by a 1% deduction for each 1% of impurity up to 4% and thereafter a 2% deduction for each 1% of impurity over 4% (fractions in proportion). For peanuts, the standard impurity limit is 4%, over which the seed is rejectable. If accepted, the gross weight shall be adjusted by a 1% deduction for each 1% of impurity up to 4% and thereafter a 1.5% deduction for each 1% of impurity over 4% (fractions in proportion).
4.3 Clean Seed Value Clean Seed Value is the price per tonne of a commodity multiplied by the corrected net weight. Adjustments shall then be applied to the Clean Seed Value as follows: 4.3.1 Oil Content
For safflower seed a 2% premium or deduction applies for each 1% of oil content above or below the standard respectively (fractions in proportion). For all other commodities where an oil tolerance is stated in the standard, a 1.5% premium or
deduction applies for each 1% of oil content above or below the standard respectively (fractions in proportion). 4.3.2 Moisture Where stated in the relevant standard, receivals above the maximum limit may occur for particular commodities: For commodities purchased for immediate processing, if accepted over the maximum limit, a 2% deduction applies for each 1% of moisture over the maximum limit (fractions in proportion).
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 1-1
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-
For commodities purchased for storage, if accepted over the maximum limit, a 1.5% deduction applies for each 1% of moisture over the maximum limit (fractions in proportion). A drying charge may also be applied.
4.3.3
Broken or Split Seed
For those commodities with a tolerance for broken or split seeds, excepting edible soybeans, a
0.5% deduction applies for each 1% of broken or split seeds above the maximum limit (fractions in proportion).
4.3.4
Green Seed
For canola and rapeseed, no penalty shall be incurred for up to a maximum of 2% green seed.
Seed is to be rejected above that limit.
4.3.5
Damaged Seed
For all commodities with a tolerance for damaged seed and/or sprouted seed, excepting edible soybeans, a 0.5% deduction applies to each parameter for each 1% over 3% (fractions in
proportion) up to a maximum of 10%. For these commodities, the maximum level is 10% and seed is to be rejected above that limit. 4.3.6 Free Fatty Acids
For peanuts, the standard is 2%. A 2% deduction applies for each 1% of free fatty acids over 2%
to 3%, and a 3% deduction applies for each 1 % of free fatty acids over 3% to 5% (fractions in proportion). The commodity is to be rejected if free fatty acids are over 5%.
For canola, a 2% deduction applies for each 1% of free fatty acids above 1% (fractions in proportion). The canola is to be rejected if free fatty acids are over 2.5%.
5.0
DISPUTED RESULTS
Refer to front of Standards Manual for applicable procedures
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 1-1
Page 37 of 70
Section 1: AOF 1-2, Vegetable Oil Quality Standards
1.0
1.1
PREAMBLE
This document outlines the Quality Specifications for various vegetable oils obtained from the processing of oilseeds. The Standards listed in this document apply to all vegetable oils traded and are to apply at Receival and / or on outturn, whichever is applicable. Notwithstanding the specifications outlined in this document, all vegetable oils must comply with the relevant Federal and / or State stockfeed or agricultural regulations. In particular vegetable oils must comply with the maximum residue levels (MRLs) and any other quality specifications listed in both the FSANZ Food Standards Code and the APVMA MRL Standard (maximum residue limits in food and animal feedstuffs). Requirements of State Health Acts and Regulations must be observed where appropriate. Sampling procedures must be followed to ensure that the Official Sample used for analysis is representative of the consignment. For domestic trading, Official Samples shall be taken by buyer and seller respectively at the time of receival and dispatch of each load. Samples shall be retained for at least two months after dispatch. Specifications and price adjustments recorded are applicable to the analysis of Official Samples taken and tested according to the prescribed methods. The vegetable oil shall be processed in accordance with good manufacturing practices. The vegetable oil shall have a light viscosity and shall not have a heavy oily mouth feel. The vegetable oil shall have a clean, fresh flavour and shall be free from rancid, beany, painty, sour or other objectionable flavours or odours. The vegetable oil shall be free from foreign material, such as, but not limited to, dirt, insect parts, hair, wood, glass or metal.
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7 1.8 1.9
1.10
2.0
2.1
PROCEDURES
Procedures as per those outlined in Section 1, AOF 1-1 are to be followed unless otherwise stipulated. Correction Factors are to be applied as follows: Relative Density - To be adjusted by -0.0007 per degree centigrade (0C) above 25oC, and - To be adjusted by +0.0007 per degree centigrade (0C) below 25oC. Refractive Index - To be adjusted by -0.00036 per degree centigrade (0C) above 25oC, and - To be adjusted by +0.00036 per degree centigrade (0C) below 25oC.
2.2
2.3
Where a commodity does not have a tolerance for that particular quality parameter as indicated by “n/a” (not applicable), a test for that quality parameter is not required.
3.0
QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS
See Table 1: Vegetable Oil Standards. Any variations to the specifications for a particular trade are to be stated in the contract between the buyer and the seller.
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 1-2
Page 38 of 70
Section 1 AOF 1-2 Table CSOF-21 CSOF-33 Soybean Oil – Crude Degummed max 1% n/a n/a n/a n/a max 7R 70Y (25.4mm) max 0.3% 127-140 1.471-475 0.915-922 190-196 max 10 max 1.5% max 200ppm n/a Clear at 650C n/a min 150°C n/a n/a n/a n/a Clear at 650C no break at 340°C heat bleaches min 150°C n/a max 1.5% max 10 190-196 0.915-922 1.471-475 127-140 max 0.25% max 0.25% 103−113 1.470−472 0.911−917 190−198 max 10 max 1.5% n/a n/a n/a n/a min 150°C n/a n/a max 5R (133.35mm) max 6R (133.35 mm) n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a max 12R (133.35 mm) max 0.25% 103−113 1.470−472 0.911−917 190−198 max 10 max 1.5% n/a n/a n/a n/a min 150°C n/a n/a max 0.25% n/a max 0.25% n/a max 0.25% n/a Soybean Oil Bleached Refined Cottonseed Oil Bleached Refined Cottonseed Oil Alkali Refined CSOF-34 CSOF-24 CSOF-5 Rapeseed Oil Crude Degummed max 2% n/a n/a n/a max 5% max 7R 70Y (25.4 mm) max 0.3% 110−126 1.470−472 0.910−913 188−193 max 10 max 2% max 200ppm n/a Clear at 650C n/a min 150°C CSOF-30
1: Vegetable Oil Standards
Quality Parameter
CSOF-6
Canola Oil Crude Degummed max 0.25% n/a n/a n/a max 2%
Canola Oil Bleached Refined
Free Fatty Acids
Linoleic Acid
max 1% n/a
Linolenic Acid
n/a
Oleic Acid
n/a
max 2%
Erucic Acid Colour (AOCS - Lovibond units or Gardner, 1933, where indicated) max 0.25% 110-126 1.470−472 0.910−916 182−193 max 10 max 1.5% n/a max 10ppm
max 7R 70Y (25.4 mm)
max 4R (133.35 mm)
Moisture, Volatiles and Impurities
max 0.3%
Iodine Value
110-126
Refractive Index 25°C
1.470−472
Relative Density 25°C
0.910−916
Saponification Value
182−193
Peroxide Value mEq/kg
max 10
Unsaponifiable Matter
max 1.5%
Phosphorus
max 200ppm
Sulphur
max 10ppm
Foots
Heat Test min 150°C
Clear at 650C n/a
Clear at 650C n/a
Flash Point (Closed Cup)
min 150°C
Chlorophyll
30ppm 30ppm n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Monounsaturated fat For "crude" oil the specification is the same as "crude degummed" with the exception that phosphorus and foots specifications do not apply For “crude super degummed” oil, the specification is the same as “crude degummed” with the exception that phosphorus is maximum 50ppm
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Section 1 AOF 1-2 Table CSOF-39 Sunflower Oil – High Oleic Refined Bleached max 0.25% n/a max 1% min 80% n/a max 4R (133.35mm) max 0.25% 77-88 1.472-474 0.909-0.915 182-194 max 10 max 1.5% n/a n/a n/a n/a min 150°C n/a min 80% min 80% min 80% n/a max 2R (133.35mm) max 0.10% max 0.5% max 0.10% n/a Sunflower Oil – High Oleic Refined Bleached Deodorized CSOF-40
1 (cont): Vegetable Oil Standards
CSOF-36 Sunflower Oil Monounsaturated Crude Degummed max 2% n/a max 1% min 80% n/a max 6R 70Y (25.4mm) max 0.3% 78-88 1.467-470 0.914-917 190-196 max 10 max 1.5% max 200ppm n/a Clear at 650C n/a n/a min 150°C n/a n/a min 150°C n/a n/a max 200ppm n/a max 1.5% max 10 182-194 0.909-0.915 1.472-474 77-88 max 0.3% max 6R 70Y (25.4mm) n/a min 80% max 1% max 2% n/a Sunflower Oil – Crude High Oleic CSOF-37 CSOF-38 CSOF-27 Linola Oil – Crude Degummed
Quality Parameter
CSOF-35
Sunflower Oil – Crude Degummed
Sunflower Oil Bleached Refined
Free Fatty Acids max 1% n/a n/a max 4R (133.35mm) max 0.25% 120-140 1.472-474 0.914-920 190-196 max 10 max 1.5% n/a n/a Clear at 650C
Linoleic Acid
max 2% min 62%
max 0.25% n/a
max 2% min 66% max 3% n/a n/a max 5R 70Y (25.4 mm) max 0.3% n/a
Linolenic Acid
Oleic Acid
max 1% n/a
n/a
Erucic Acid Colour (AOCS - Lovibond units or Gardner, 1933, where indicated)
max 6R 70Y (25.4mm)
Moisture, Volatiles and Impurities
max 0.3% (Crude grade max.0.5%)
Iodine Value
120-140
Refractive Index 25°C
1.472-474
77-88 1.472-474 0.909-0.915 182-194 max 10 max 1.5% n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a min 80%
n/a n/a n/a max 10 max 1.5% max 200ppm n/a Clear at 650C n/a min 150°C n/a n/a
Relative Density 25°C
0.914-920
Saponification Value
190-196
Peroxide Value mEq/kg
max 10
Unsaponifiable Matter
max 1.5%
Phosphorus
Sulphur
max 200ppm n/a
Foots
Clear at 650C
Heat Test min 150°C n/a n/a
n/a
no break at 340°C heat bleaches
Flash Point (Closed Cup)
Chlorophyll
min 150°C n/a
Monounsaturated fat
n/a
For "crude" oil the specification is the same as "crude degummed" with the exception that phosphorus and foots specifications do not apply For “crude super degummed” oil, the specification is the same as “crude degummed” with the exception that phosphorus is maximum 50ppm
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Section 1 AOF 1-2
Page 40 of 70
Section 1 AOF 1-2 Table
1 (cont): Vegetable Oil Standard
CSOF-31 CSOF-32 Safflower Oil Bleached Refined max 0.25% n/a max 1% n/a n/a n/a 10−12 Gardner max 0.3% min 175 1.477−482 0.924−930 188−195 n/a max 1.5% n/a n/a max 1% 96 hours n/a min 175 1.477−482 0.924−930 188−195 max 10 max 1.5% n/a n/a Clear at 650C no break AT 340°C − heat bleaches min 150°C n/a n/a min 150°C n/a n/a max 0.25% max 5 Gardner n/a n/a max 4R 35Y (25.4 mm) max 0.5% 85−105 1.466−470 0.907−912 188−196 max 10 max 1% n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a max 4R (133.35mm) max 0.25% 138-150 1.472−4755 0.918−924 190−196 max 10 max 1.5% n/a n/a Clear at 650C no break at 340°C heat bleaches min 150°C n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a max 2% n/a max 0.25% n/a max 2% n/a CSOF-25 Linseed Oil - Crude CSOF-26 Linseed Oil – Refined CSOF-28 Peanut Oil - Crude CSOF-29 Peanut Oil Bleached Refined max 0.25% n/a n/a n/a n/a max 2.5R (133.35mm) max 0.25% 85−105 1.466−470 0.907−912 188−196 max 10 max 1% n/a n/a Clear at 650C n/a
Quality Parameter
CSOF-4
Safflower Oil – Crude Degummed max 2% n/a max 1% min 75% n/a max 5R 35Y (25.4 mm)
Safflower Oil Monounsaturated Crude Degummed
Free Fatty Acids
Linoleic Acid
max 2% Minimum 75%
Linolenic Acid
max 1%
Oleic Acid
n/a n/a
Erucic Acid Colour (AOCS - Lovibond units or Gardner, 1933, where indicated)
max 5R 35Y (25.4 mm)
Moisture, Volatiles and Impurities 141-147 1.473-1.476 0.919-0.924 186-194 max 10 max 1.5% max 200ppm n/a Clear at 650C n/a
max 0.3% (Crude grade max 0.5%)
max 0.3% (Crude grade max 0.5%)
Iodine Value
138-150
Refractive Index 25°C
1.472-4755
Relative Density 25°C
0.918-924
Saponification Value
190-196
Peroxide Value mEq/kg
max 10
Unsaponifiable Matter
max 1.5%
Phosphorus
Sulphur
max 200ppm n/a
Foots
Heat Test
Clear at 650C n/a
Flash Point (Closed Cup) min 150°C n/a n/a
Chlorophyll
min 150°C n/a
min 150°C n/a n/a
min 150°C n/a n/a
Monounsaturated fat
n/a
For "crude" oil the specification is the same as "crude degummed" with the exception that phosphorus and foots specifications do not apply For “crude super degummed” oil, the specification is the same as “crude degummed” with the exception that phosphorus is maximum 50ppm
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Section 1 AOF 1-2
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4.0
4.1
PRICE ADJUSTMENTS
General A consignment shall be accepted by the purchaser if it conforms to specification requirements for clarity, flash point, colour, free fatty acids, refractive index and heat test properties and otherwise meets the Australian Oilseeds Federation (AOF) industry characteristics. Where stated in the following section and agreed by the buyer, oil may be accepted with a quality parameter over the tolerance limit. However acceptance of this oil over the limit is not mandatory. In relation to premium and deduction adjustments, fractions will be in proportion.
4.2
Free Fatty Acids (FFA) If accepted over the specified limit, the following price deductions shall apply.
4.2.1
Crude Oils other than those specified below
2% price deduction for each 1% over 2% (fractions in proportion) Rejectable
2.0−3.5% Over 3.5%
4.2.2
Soybean Oil
0.6% price deduction (fractions in proportion) 0.9% price deduction 1.2% price deduction 1.5% price deduction 1.8% price deduction Rejectable. If accepted over 1.5% a 2% price deduction for each 1% over 1.5% shall apply
1.01%−1.05% 1.06%−1.15% 1.16%−1.25% 1.26%−1.35% 1.36%−1.50% Over 1.5%
4.2.3
Sunflower Oil (all types), Linola Oil
0.3% price deduction (fractions in proportion) 0.7% price deduction 1.1% price deduction 1.5% price deduction 1.9% price deduction Rejectable. If accepted over 3%, a 3% price deduction for each 1% over 3% shall apply
2.1%−2.29 % 2.3%−2.49 % 2.5%−2.69 % 2.7%−2.89 % 2.9%−3.0% Over 3%
4.2.4
Canola Oil Crude Degummed
0.5% price deduction (fractions in proportion) 1.0% price deduction Rejectable. If accepted over 1.5% a price deduction of 2% for each 1% over 1.5% shall apply
1.01%−1.29% 1.3%−1.5% Over 1.5%
4.2.5
Peanut Oil
2% price deduction for each 1% over 2% (fractions in proportion) 3% price deduction for each 1% over 3% Rejectable over
2.0%−3.0% 3.10%−5.0% Over 5% 4.2.6
Unbleached Refined Cottonseed Oil
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 1-2
Page 42 of 70
Over 0.25% is rejectable. If accepted over 0.25%, a 2% price deduction for each 1 % of free fatty acid that exceeds this limit shall apply (fractions in proportion). Negotiable over 0.75%.
4.3
Moisture, Volatiles and Impurities Oil is rejectable over the prescribed limit. If accepted over the prescribed limit, a 2% price deduction for each 1% of moisture, volatiles and impurities that exceed this limit shall apply (fractions in proportion).
4.4
Chlorophyll in Canola Oil If accepted over the prescribed limit of 30ppm, the following price deductions shall apply. 31−35ppm 36−40ppm 41−45ppm 46−50ppm Over 50ppm 1.0% price deduction (fractions in proportion) 2.0% price deduction 2.5% price deduction 3.0% price deduction Rejectable over
4.5
Phosphorus Oil is rejectable over the prescribed limit. If accepted over the prescribed limit, a 0.06% price deduction for each 10ppm the phosphorus content exceeds this limit shall apply (fractions in proportion).
4.6
Peroxide Value Oil is rejectable over the prescribed limit of 10mEq/kg. If accepted over this limit, a 1.5% price deduction shall be applied for each 1mEq/kg. Negotiable over 15mEq/kg if accepted.
5.0
DISPUTED RESULTS
Refer to front of Standards Manual for applicable procedures.
6.0
6.1
COLD PRESSED OILS
General Cold pressed oils are edible vegetable oils obtained by mechanical extraction from the parent oilseed without pre-cooking or heating and without subsequent chemical extraction and/or chemical refining. The oilseeds shall be selected so as to give an extracted oil of the characteristic odour, taste and free fatty acids content. Specified cold test requirements specifications as outlined in 6.2 shall only be applicable when the oil is labelled "Winterised".
6.2
Specification All cold pressed oils must conform to the basic standards of the oil listed in table 1 obtained via non-cold pressed methods. In addition, the following specifications must be met where different to those specified, or where not specified, for the oil obtained via non-cold pressed methods: Odour: Mild, pleasantly characteristic Taste: Bland, with a slight nutty flavour Free Fatty Acids: FFA should be below the “Rejectable over limit’ for FFA as per the COMMODITY TRADING STANDARDS, Section 1 AOF 1-1, for oilseeds
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 1-2
Page 43 of 70
Peroxide Value: 6.3
Limit of 15 mEq active oxygen / kg oil
Price Adjustments Price adjustments for cold pressed oils shall apply.
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Section 1 AOF 1-2
Page 44 of 70
Section 1: AOF 1-3, Oilseed (Vegetable Protein) Meals and Hull Quality Standards
1.0
1.1
SCOPE
This document outlines the Quality Specifications for various Oilseed (Vegetable Protein) Meals and Hulls obtained from the processing of oilseeds. The Standards listed in this document apply to all oilseed meals and hulls traded and are to apply at Receival and / or on outturn, whichever is applicable. Notwithstanding the specifications outlined in this document, all oilseed meals and hulls sold for incorporation into stockfeed must comply with the relevant Federal and / or State stockfeed or agricultural regulations. In particular oilseed meals and hulls must comply with the maximum residue levels (MRLs) and any other quality specifications listed in both the FSANZ Food Standards Code and the APVMA MRL Standard (maximum residue limits in food and animal feedstuffs). Requirements of State Health Acts and Regulations must be observed where appropriate. Sampling procedures must be followed to ensure that the Official Sample used for analysis is representative of the consignment. For domestic trading, Official Samples shall be taken by the buyer and seller respectively at the time of receival and dispatch of each load. Samples shall be retained for at least two months after dispatch. Specifications and price adjustments recorded are applicable to the analysis of Official Samples taken and tested according to the prescribed methods.
1.2
1.3
1.4 1.5 1.6
2.0
PROCEDURES
N/A
Where a commodity does not have a tolerance for that particular quality parameter as indicated by “n/a” (not applicable), a test for that quality parameter is not required.
Retention
For all meals, retention is to be assessed as follows: 3 mm screen using woven wire DIN 3, 200g sample for 3 minutes, or 2 mm screen using woven wire US10 DIN 2, 200g sample for 3 minutes.
3.0
QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS
The Quality Specifications as outlined in Table 1 apply to all oilseed meals and hulls traded at any stage in the supply chain. Any variations to the specifications for a particular trade are to be stated in the contract between the buyer and the seller. The gossypol content for cottonseed is either maximum 0.10% (solvent extracted) or 0.12% (pressed). Any variation to the general standard for crude protein shall be specified in the contract.
Issue No.7, 18 April 2008
Section 1 AOF 1-3
Page 45 of 70
Section 1 AOF 1-3 Table
1: Quality Specifications – Oilseed Meals and Hulls
Oil (min %) Crude Protein (min %) Crude Fibre (max %) Moisture (max %) 36 36 32 32 43 36 40 35 22 30 32 31 46 44 34 31 23 22 42 46 44 28 27 22 24 7 7 11 30 8 10 12 11 12 8 32 12 14 11 15 12 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 10 9 2 10 9 2 11 11 2 12 12 2 11 11 2 23 10 2 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 20 10 2 10 17 10 2 10 15 12 2 10 15 12 2 10 14 11 2 10 < 30 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 14 11 2 < 30 15 12 2 10 10 < 30 15 12 2 10 < 30 <2 <2 <2 <2 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Retention max (%) 3mm screen Retention max (%) 2mm screen Glucosinolates (micromoles /g oilfree air-dry solids) Erucic Acid (%) Gossypol (%)
Trading Standard Reference
Commodity Name
Oilseed Meals 0.5 0.5 4 4 0.5 0.5 6 6 18 4 0.5 4 0.5 4 0.5 4 0.5 4 4 0.5 4 0.5 4 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.12 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
CAN:M:392/93
Canola Meal Solvent
CAN:M:392/94
Non GM Canola Meal Solvent 1
CAN:M:391/93
Canola Meal Pressed
CAN:M:391/94
Non GM Canola Meal Pressed
1
COT:M:313/93
Cottonseed Meal Solvent Hi Pro
COT:M:312/93
Cottonseed Meal Solvent
COT:M:314/93
Cottonseed Meal Pressed Hi Pro
COT:M:315/93
Cottonseed Meal Pressed
COT:M:316/93
Cottonseed Meal Pressed Full Fat
LINOLA:M:341/94
Linola Meal Pressed
LIN:M:323/79
Linseed Meal Solvent
LIN:M:322/86
Linseed Meal Pressed
PEA:M:332/79
Peanut Meal Solvent
PEA:M:331/79
Peanut Meal Pressed
RAP:M:333/79
Rapeseed Meal Solvent
RAP:M:332/79
Rapeseed Meal Pressed
SAF:M:362/79
Safflower Meal Solvent
SAF:M:361/79
Safflower Meal Pressed
SES:M:365/79
Sesame Meal Pressed
SOY:M:372/79
Soybean Meal Solvent
SOY:M:371/79
Soybean Meal Pressed
SUN:M:382/93
Sunflower Meal Solvent
SUN:M:381/86
Sunflower Meal Pressed
1
The adventitious presence of up to 5% of GM events approved by the Australian Government Office of the Gene Technology Regulator is permitted Non-GM canola meal must only be processed from canola seed that has been traded, handled and stored as CS-01A Non-GM Canola Seed. Seed traded as CS-01A must follow industry guidelines for crop management, handling and traceability to ensure that customers purchasing the seed and/or the oil or meal from this seed can be assured of its identity. Under this Standard there will be no requirement for testing for presence of GM protein or DNA. However, commercial arrangements for any additional testing between suppliers and customers can be negotiated as part of normal commercial practice.
Section 1 AOF 1-3 Page 46 of 70
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Trading Standard Reference 0.5 4 1 0.5 1 4 50 12 n/a n/a 10 50 12 n/a n/a n/a n/a 3.5 50 12 n/a n/a n/a 35 18 8 2 10 n/a 36 19 12 2 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Commodity Name
Oil (min %)
Crude Protein (min %) Crude Fibre (max %) Moisture (max %)
Retention max (%) 3mm screen
SUN:M:385/93
Sunflower Meal - Dehulled Solvent
Retention max (%) 2mm screen 10
Glucosinolates (micromoles /g oilfree air-dry solids) n/a
Erucic Acid (%)
Gossypol (%) n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
SUN:M:384/93
Sunflower Meal - Dehulled Pressed
Oilseed Hulls
COT:H:313/96
Cottonseed Hulls
SOY:H:373/96
Soybean Hulls
SUN:H:386/96
Sunflower Hulls
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 1-3
Page 47 of 70
4.0
4.1
PRICE ADJUSTMENTS
General Requests for adjustment for quality deficiencies of meals shall be made in writing within 30 days of the date of delivery of the load in question. Where such adjustments are to be made, and unless otherwise agreed to, the Official Samples of both buyer and seller shall be analysed by their respective laboratories and an average of the two results taken. Claims for quality deficiencies of hulls shall be subject to negotiation between buyer and seller. Where stated in the following section and agreed by the buyer, oilseed meals and hulls may be accepted with a quality parameter outside the tolerance limit. However acceptance of this oilseed meal or hull over the limit is not mandatory. In relation to premium and deduction adjustments, fractions will be in proportion. The adventitious presence of up to 0.9% of GM events approved by the Australian Government Office of the Gene Technology Regulator is permitted in the various nominated non-GM canola meals listed in table 1.
4.2
Protein 4.2.1
Moisture within specification
Where the crude protein level (or adjusted protein, see 5.2.2) is greater than 0.5% below the minimum trading standard, the selling price shall be adjusted in the proportion that the measured protein bears to that minimum standard.
4.2.2
Moisture outside specification
Where the moisture is outside specification, the crude protein level shall be adjusted to the basis of the maximum moisture trading standard and pride adjustments made as in 5.2.1 above using this adjusted protein:
Protein, Standard moisture = Protein, actual ×
(100 - Standard moisture) (100 - Actual moisture
4.3
Moisture Where the moisture content is above the maximum trading standard and the meal or hull is accepted, a 1% price deduction shall apply to the selling price up to 1% over the maximum level and a 1.5% price deduction shall apply between 1% and 2% over the maximum level (fractions in proportion). Meals and hulls are rejectable above 2% over the maximum moisture level.
4.4
Other analyses Should analysis show any other specifications do not meet the trading standard, settlement is to be made between the parties concerned on the basis agreed to at the time of offer acceptance. If a settlement basis has not been defined at that time in the contract, then settlement will be made on a mutually acceptable basis or as decided by a mutually acceptable arbitrator.
5.0
DISPUTED RESULTS
Refer to front of Standards Manual for applicable procedures.
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 1-3
Page 48 of 70
Section 1: AOF 2, Technical Information
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 2
Page 49 of 70
Section 1: AOF 2-1, Common Storage of Oilseeds Accounting for Gains/Losses
1.0 DEFINITION
This Standard gives a means of determining losses in common storage and their allocation to pool participants. In principle, seed is valued on receival and outturn: loss in value due to loss of stock, weighing errors, analysis errors, etc. as well as gains are divided among participants. On the other hand, losses above a guaranteed level are allocated to the Pool Manager. However, the disadvantage of the procedure has been that it requires finalisation of the pool before allocations can be made; this leads to unacceptable delays because the pool is mostly not finalised for some time after completion of the intake. Costs of sampling and testing of outturns and the differences noted in analyses have also been of concern, even though effects of the latter are covered in the standard. This current revision offers a compromise to satisfy these concerns: value allocations are made on finalisation of intakes to participants according to a comparison of the intake value of each at average receival analysis with the value of the receival weight at average total pool analysis. The assumption is that all outturns will be at intake weight and near enough to average pool quality. At completion of the pool a final supplementary adjustment is made for each party for the actual weight of outturns together with any deficiency for guaranteed outturn that may be payable by the Pool Manager.
2.0
GUARANTEED OUTTURN
The Pool Manager shall guarantee a percentage outturn yield based on the value of the intake (or a percentage of the pool intake weight valued at average pool analysis) and this shall be specified in the contract. If the value of the total outturn at average pool analysis is less than this calculated yield value, the Manager shall make a credit of the deficiency to the parties using the facility. The major portion of such credit can be made with seed of no lesser quality than the pool average. The Pool Manager shall direct all outturn deliveries to those participating in the storage programme and to no other party except by direction of one of the parties (see 3.3 below). Any guarantee adjustment shall be made according to the proportion of the value of the intakes (at intake analysis) plus outturns for each party (at average pool analysis) to the value of total intakes plus outturns so calculated.
3.0
3.1
MATERIALS BALANCES
Seed Price 3.1.1 The price of seed at standard quality, clean seed basis, shall be agreed upon by participating parties and shall reflect the value of the seed accumulated at the time of intake including storage costs. It shall be specified in the agreement. This price, adjusted for quality (oil content, clean seed basis, impurities and other parameters to be determined by the parties) according to the provisions of the AOF*, shall be used for determining seed value in storage calculations. Where transfers within the pool are made between participating parties to the pool, the price of the seed traded or transferred between parties will only be of concern to the parties involved (see 3.3 below).
3.1.2
3.1.3
3.2
Analysis 3.2.1 Seed into storage shall be sampled and analysed according to the Quality Standards of the AOF whose provisions for disputed results shall also apply. Samples shall be stored in sealed plastic bags or containers in a protected area to minimise moisture changes. Analyses shall be carried out by an independent NATA* Laboratory or as otherwise agreed.
*
AOF - Australian Oilseeds Federation Inc Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 2-1
Page 50 of 70
3.2.2
The Pool Manager (or as otherwise agreed) shall take duplicate 1 kg samples of each load going into storage, sending one of these to each party or their agent for analysis and calculation of purchase payments and/or calculation of storage adjustments according to AOF provisions. Analyses of all seed for storage shall be sent to the Pool Manager as soon as completed.
Note : This eliminates the need for analysis of the intake by the Pool Manager. Analysis of the 500 tonne composites is thereby eliminated. Also no outturn analyses.
3.3
Transfers 3.3.1 Transfers or trade between pool participants or with an outside party shall be handled as a separate calculation by the pool participant(s) concerned, not by the Pool Manager. All seed in the pool retains the identification of the originators during the course of the pool. Transferred seed shall be outturned under the originator's name, but with a further description such as "Oilseeds Pty Ltd a/c Smith & Co." and shall be valued separately for the sale by the parties involved but included in the originator's pool calculations at pool price. The originator will either apply a set surcharge to the agreed transfer price to take care of any possible pool charges for an early settlement or apply a proportion of the pool charges (or credits) when known to the agreed transferred seed price, the proportion being:
3.3.2
Value of transfer at pool price Value of transerer' s total seed out
α
α
including transferred quantities
NOTE:
Transfers are completely separate to and independent of pool calculations.
3.4
Calculations 3.4.1
Average Analysis of Seed
Calculate the average analysis (oil content, clean seed basis and impurities) of the total seed intake for each party in the pool as described below. Other quality parameters shall be evaluated where above the allowed levels, but only if stipulated in the contract. For each load calculate :
Weight of clean seed =
wt. seed × (100 - impurities , %) 100
Weight of Oil =
oil content, % × wt. clean seed 100 wt. seed × impurities , % 100
Weight of impurities =
Then calculate for each party and the total pool :
Average oil content, % =
total wt. oil × 100 total wt. clean seed total wt. impurities × 100 total wt. seed as received
Average impurity content, % =
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 2-1
Page 51 of 70
3.4.2
Value of Seed Intakes and Total Seed Stored
a. Calculate the weight and value of seed into storage for each party in the pool using the average analysis of each party's intake at the agreed seed price. From these calculate the total pool weight and value. Pool intake values shall be of the dried seed where drying has been undertaken. b. Calculate the average total pool analysis. Calculate the value of each party's intake at average pool analysis by taking a proportion of the total pool value based on each party's weight to total pool weight.
3.4.3 a.
Seed Balances
Preliminary Base Adjustment: At the completion of receivals, determine the excess or deficit of the calculated seed value for each party taking the seed value out as being equivalent to the receival weight at the total pool average analysis. These adjustments will be self-balancing: Base Adjustment = Value in − Value at average pool analysis A positive result indicates a credit due to the party and vice versa. These are the first payments made to all parties at the completion of receivals.
b.
Overall Seed Value Balance When all outturns have been made from the pool determine the overall seed value balance for the pool "in" minus “out” in this case using actual weights out of storage for each party and the total pool but still at the average pool value (ie analysis).
c.
Determine the proportion of the value of intakes plus outturns (at average analysis) for each party in relation to the total value of intakes plus outturns (at average analysis). Intakes and transfers do not include any transfers between parties to the pool (see 3.3 above). Apportion the overall seed value balance, either as a debit or credit as appropriate, to each party according to (see 3.4.3, c.). In this case a positive result indicates a debit to the party and vice versa.
d.
3.4.4
Outturn Guarantee
Determine the extent, if any, that the total outturn value is below the guarantee as specified in the contract and credit each party for any deficiency in terms of seed value in the proportion of the value of seed each has received and out-turned (see 4.3.4, c). These payments are payable by the Pool Manager.
3.4.5
Supplementary Final Adjustment
Subtract the Preliminary Base Adjustment from the corresponding Total Pool Adjustment to give a final outstanding credit/debit to be applied to each participant and the Manager (if required).
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 2-1
Page 52 of 70
Storage Calculations − an example
(Outturn Guarantee 99.5%) Accounting for Gains/Losses A Receivals Wt. Tonnes Value B C TOTAL
1355 $450,352.71
950 $318,478.07
2391 $802,135.79
4696 $1,570,966.57
Outturn Assumption for Preliminary Calculations Wt. Tonnes Value (at pool average) Outturn − Actual Wt. Tonnes Value 1355 $453,292.10 950 $317,806.27 2391 $799,868.20 4696 $1,570,966.57
1350 $451,619.44
955 $319,478.93
2360 $789,498.69
4665 $1,560,596.05
Preliminary Base Adjustment A 3.4.3 Seed Balances i) Value in − Value out ii) Pool Balance FIRST PAYMENT Supplementary Final Adjustment 3.4.3 Seed Balances i) Value in − Value out ii) Overall Balance iii) Proportion in and out iv) Balance to each party Outturn Guarantee Deficit Outturn 99.5% outturn Deficit $2,939.39 dr B $671.80 cr Nil $671.80 cr C $2267.59 cr
$2,939.39 dr
$2267.59 cr
$1,266.73 dr 28.80262205% $2,986.98 dr − − −
$1,000.86 dr $10,370.52 dr 20.37184248% 2,112.67 dr
$12,638.11 cr 50.82553546% $5,270.87 − − −
3.4.4
$1,560,596.05 $1,563,111.74 $2515.69 cr
Total Less Base Adjustment FINAL PAYMENT
$724.58 cr $3,529.12 dr $2,939.39 dr $589.73 dr
$512.49 cr $2,601.04 dr $671.80 cr $3,272.84 dr Manager pays $2,515.69
$1,278.61 cr $8,645.61 cr $2,267.59 cr $6378.26 cr
TRANSFERS 3.5 Party A transfers $200,000 seed (pool value) at an agreed price of $210,000 to Party B (identified as “A, a/c B”) and $100,000 seed (pool value) at an agreed price $110,000 to an “outside” party, Smith & Co, (identified as “A, a/c Smith & Co”). Adjustments are then calculated as follows: * Party B: * Smith & Co: $3529.12 dr x $200,000 / $450,352.71 = $1567.26 dr $3529.12 dr x $100,000 / $450,352.71 = $783.63 dr
These adjustments are added to the respective agreed prices of seed for each of the transfers.
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 2-1
Page 53 of 70
Section 1: AOF 2-2, Typical Density Guide for Seed and Meal
1 lb/cu ft = 16.018 kg/cu m. 1 Imperial Bushel = 2219.3 cu ins = 1.2843 cu ft = 0.363677 hectolitres 1 US or Winchester Bushel = 2150.42 cu ins = 1.2444 cu ft = 0.35238 hectolitres SAFFLOWER SEED AVERAGE DENSITY: lb/cu ft kg/cu m kg/hl BUSHEL (IMPERIALWEIGHT) lb kg CUBIC ft/ton: BUSHELS ton: CUBIC METRES tonne 33 529 53 MEAL 32 513 51 LINSEED & LINOLA SEED MEAL 45 721 72 36 577 58 SUNFLOWER (all types) SEED MEAL 26 416 42 28 449 45 CANOLA & RAPESEED SEED MEAL 43 689 69 40 641 64 SOYBEAN SEED 47 753 75 MEAL 37 593 59
42 19
41 19
57 26
46 21
33 15
36 16
55 25
51 23
60 27
47 21
67
70
50
62
85
79
52
56
48
60
53
54
39
49
67
62
41
44
37
48
1.87
1.95
1.39
1.73
2.38
2.21
1.44
1.56
1.33
1.67
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 2-2
Page 54 of 70
Section 1: AOF 2-3, Code of Practice for the Bulk Transport of Vegetable Oils by Road and Rail
1.0 CONTAINERS, VALVES, PIPES AND DISCHARGE HOSES
Containers and associated valves, pipes and discharge hoses used for the transport or handling of vegetable oils shall be clean and dry and safe for this use. Copper or its alloys shall not have been used in their construction. Discharge hoses shall have only been used for the conveying of food products or those vegetable oils commonly used for food purposes ("food oils"). Raw or refined linseed oils (but not otherwise processed) are deemed acceptable in this context. In the case of 1.1.2 and 1.1.3 below, and in particular where petroleum oils and solvents have been carried, all containers shall undergo cleaning procedures using steam, chemical or high pressure water jet cleaning or a combination of these as appropriate. Cleaning by rinsing with product alone is not acceptable, except where the prior load has been a food oil. 1.1 Provisions 1.1.1
Prohibited Prior Loads
Classes 6, 7 and 9** substances (unless itemised separately under the list of immediate prior loads, AOF 2-5), being toxic and infectious substances, radioactive substances and miscellaneous known dangerous substances such as pesticides. 1.1.2
Prohibited Immediate Prior Loads
Class 3 and 5** products, inedible processed vegetable oils and those materials specified in the FOSFA* list (see AOF 2-5). Leaded petrol and other leaded products must not have been carried in any of the three prior loads. Unleaded petrol and solvents containing more than 1% aromatics must not have been carried in the immediate prior load. Organic polymers are also included in this group. 1.1.3
Acceptable Prior Loads
Edible products. However, this does not remove any obligation of the supplier to ensure that the quality of it's product is not affected adversely by said prior loads. Dieseline (Automotive Diesel Fuel, such as AS 3570) and aliphatic hydrocarbons with aromatic contents less than 1% are acceptable for the immediate prior load, but require complete removal of traces of the material by draining and cleaning of the container as referred to elsewhere in this Standard. 1.2 Certificate of Cleanliness With each consignment, the transport contracting body, the shipper and/or their appointed agent as appropriate shall supply an AOF Certificate of Cleanliness (AOF 2-5.1) specifying the previous three loads carried and the method used for cleaning, etc. A copy shall be handed by the driver to the consignee's representative at the discharge point. If at any time Certificates of Cleanliness are not available, the transport contracting body or shipper's certificates can be used provided they contain the necessary information required by the AOF*. The shipper shall prepare two copies of the certificate: one signed copy shall go to the receiver of the goods, and one shall be retained. 1.3 Minimum Cleaning Procedures Where permanent chemical cleaning facilities are not available, minimum cleaning procedures shall be observed as follows: 1.3.1 Ensure that the container has not previously carried prohibited products. If so, the container shall not be used for carrying vegetable oils destined for food use. (See 1.1).
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 2-3
Page 55 of 70
1.3.2 1.3.3
Open all drain valves and drain to ensure that all compartments are empty. Close all drain valves. Clean each compartment with rotating tank cleaning nozzles using high pressure (10,000 kPa), high temperature (100°C) water for five minutes. Alternatively, steaming using a lance or other suitable device can be used. Open drain valves and continue cleaning for a further five minutes. During this period, ensure that all valves and pipes receive direct injection of the cleaning medium. Mop up all surplus water from each compartment. Inspect the container, valves and pipes, and if odour or visible foreign matter is evident repeat the cleaning procedure. This is especially important for the removal of traces of diesel fuel oil. A Certificate of Cleanliness (See 1.2) shall be made out when inspection shows that cleaning has been carried out satisfactorily and this Certificate shall accompany the load.
1.3.4 1.3.5
1.3.6
1.4
Company Policy A clear Company policy should be established to designate authorised personnel for observing the requirements of this code of practice with regard to the proper handling and inspection of containers and/or consignments and the reporting associated therewith. This Code is in no way to be considered a substitute for any legal requirements for the transportation of foods or raw materials associated therewith.
* **
AOF - Australian Oilseeds Federation Inc. FOSFA - Federation of Oils, Seeds and Fats Association Limited. As Described in the Australian Code for the Transport of Dangerous Goods by Road and Rail.
Issue No.7, 18 April 2008
Section 1 AOF 2-3
Page 56 of 70
Section 1: AOF 2-4, Code of Practice for the Bulk Transport of Vegetable Oilseeds, Meals and Hulls by Road and Rail
1.1 Trailers/rail cars must be free of any product from the prior load/s and should be swept clean before any product is loaded. Cleaning facilities are not available at supplier pick-up points, therefore cleaning should be carried out at the last place of delivery. The supplier will not accept responsibility for the cleaning and will hold the carrier responsible for any contaminations that may occur from prior loads. Customer/persons contracting or arranging for carriers are responsible for notifying the carrier of the AOF Code for Bulk Transport of Vegetable Oilseeds, Meals and Hulls prior to picking up the product from suppliers. All carriers will complete a Certificate of Cleanliness at the supplier pick-up point before loading commences. Immediate prior load restrictions include: meals (meat and poultry) fertiliser (includes sulphate of ammonia, urea, Nitrame, gypsum, Superphosphate, lime meal, Nitropil, Bombay dust) zinc scrap metal (unless containerised separately in the trailer) cement (unless bagged) animal manure potatoes mulch/compost any form of garbage
Note: in the case of fertilisers, if the trailer has been washed clean and dried after carrying fertilisers, plus inspected prior to loading then an exemption will be accepted.
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
All trailers/rail cars will be inspected prior to loading at supplier premises. Any trailers/rail cars failing inspection will be turned away and any costs incurred will be borne by the carrier. Loading will only take place if the trailer/rail car is cleaned, or a written clearance is received from either the carrier or the customer accepting full responsibility. All trucks, once loaded, will be properly tarped before leaving supplier’s premises. Under no circumstances is a carrier to spray or treat the load with any chemicals
1.8 1.9
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 2-4
Page 57 of 70
Section 1: AOF 2-5, Code of Practice for the Cleaning Of Containers List of Prohibited Immediate Prior Loads
(Based on the FOSFA list, 28 December 2007 as amended)
Acetone Cyanohydrin (ACH; AlphaHydroxyisobutyronitrile; 2 methyllactonitrile) Acrylic Acid (Acroleic Acid; Propenoic Acid) Acrylonitrile (ACN; 2-Propenenitrile, Vinyl Cyanide) Adiponitrile (1-4 Dicyanobutane) Aniline (Phenylamine; Aminobenzene) Butylacrylate (n-and tert-,) Isocyanates These include - Toluene di-isocyanate (TDI), Polyphenyl polymethylene isocyanate (PAPI), Diphenyl methane di-isocyanate (MDI), Methyl isocyanate Lube Oil Additives Methyl Acrylate Methyl Methacrylate Monomer Methyl Styrene Monomer (Vinyl Toluene), alphaMethyl Styrene Monomer (AMS) para-Methyl Styrene Monomer (PMS) Morpholine Morpholine Ethanol (n-hydroxyehtylmorpholine)
Carbon Tetrachloride (CTC; Tetrachloromethane; Perchloromethane) Cardura E (Trade Name for a glycidyl ester of Versatic 911 Acid) Cashew Nut Shell oil (CNSL; Cashew Nut shell Liquid) Crude Mineral Oil Dibutylamine Diethanolamine (DEA: di (2-Hydroxyethyl)amine) Diethylenetriamine Di-isopropylamine
Oils - Mineral with aromatics greater than 1% Perchloroethylene (PCE; perc; tetrachloroethylene) Petrol (Leaded) cannot be carried as any of the three prior loads Phthalates These include: Di-octyl phthalate (DOP); Diiso octyl phthalate (DIOP); Di-iso nonyl phthalate (DINP); Di-iso decyl phthalate (DIDP); Di-allyl phthalate (DAP) Polymers, Organic n-Propylamine
Dipropylamine m-Divinylbenzene (DVB; Vinylstyrene) Epichlorohydrin (EPI; Chloropropylene Oxide) Epoxy Resins (uncured) Ethyl acrylate Ethylene dichloride* (EDC; 1,2-dichloroethane) 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Ethanolamine (MEA: Monoethanolamine; Colamine; 2Aminoethanol; 2 Hydroxyethylamine) Ethylenediamine (1,2 Diaminoethane) Furfuryl Alcohol (Furyl Carbinol) Glutaraldehyde Heavy mineral oil – oils other than crude oils having either a density at 15oC higher than 950kg/m3 or a kinematic viscosity at 50oC higher than 180mm2/s, with the exception of lubricating oil without additives (base oil) Hexamethylenediamine (1.6-Diaminohexane; 1.6 Hexanediamine)
Propylene Oxide (Methyl Oxirane; 1,2- Epoxypropane) Pyridine Styrene Monomer** (Vinyl Benzene; Phenyl Ethylene; Cinnamene) Silicone Oils Solvents with aromatics greater than 1% Tall Oil (tallol; liquid rosin) Tall Oil (fatty acid equivalent to ASTM type 111) Transformer Oils of PCB Type Vinyl acetate monomer (VAM) Vinyl chloride monomer (VC; chloroethane; chloroethylene)
LEADED PRODUCTS shall not be carried for the previous three loads
* ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE shall not be carried as the three previous cargoes in organic coated tanks or as the last cargo in stainless steel and inorganic coated tanks.
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 2-5
Page 58 of 70
** STYRENE MONOMER shall not be carried as the three previous cargoes in organic coated tanks or as the last cargo in stainless steel and inorganic coated tanks.
Issue No.7, 18 April 2008
Section 1 AOF 2-3
Page 59 of 70
Section 1: AOF 2-5.1 CERTIFICATE OF CLEANLINESS This Certificate must be completed by the Transport Company and/or Tanker Wash Station
Date Transport Carrier: ………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………….
Prime Mover Registration:……..…………………..Tanker Nos.:………………………………. PRIOR LOAD/S: 1. ……………………… 2. ……………………… 3. ……………………….
(Do not use Trade Names) (Immediate Prior Load) Prior Load Restrictions: See AOF “Code for the Bulk Transport Of Vegetable Oils By Road and Rail”. Unleaded petrol not to be carried as the immediate prior load. Leaded products not to be carried for the three prior loads. Hoses to be used only for food products.
CLEANING METHOD/S (Circle Yes or No as to the method/s used) : Not Cleaned Yes No Well Drained Water Yes No Caustic Soda Steam Yes No Solvent Detergent (*) Yes No Dried Acid Yes No
Yes Yes Yes Yes
No No No No
(*) If YES, Detergent must be suitable for use in the food industry. Specify Name: ……………………………………………………………………………. VISUAL INSPECTION (Tick and fill in appropriate details) : Clean Compartment 1 Compartment 2 Compartment 3 Compartment 4 Compartment 5 Compartment 6 Compartment 7 Compartment 8 Manifold Pump Hoses Inspected By: ………………………………………………………………………………… (Company Name – Print) Name Of Person Inspecting: ………………………………………………………………. (Print Name) Signature Of Person Inspecting: ……………………………………Date: ………………… Dry Free Of Odour Free Of Foreign Matter Seal No/s. Remarks
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 2-5.1
Page 60 of 70
Section 1: AOF 2-6, AOF TEST-CHECK Program
1.0
1.1
DEFINITION
TEST-CHECK is a formal check analysis program designed to determine Inter-Laboratory Correlations for analyses that are used for the valuation of oilseed products. Results are designed to give an indication of the performance of any Laboratory that is involved in analysis for grower payments or other value-related operations. When a range of results has been established, a statistical evaluation can be made to determine permissible variations for all laboratories. The program can be applied to solvent oil content tests which are the prime method of analysis used to calibrate electronic instruments or to the results obtained from secondary rapid test methods which are the methods used for crop payments. It also has application in the determination of a range of other quality parameters in oilseeds such as impurities. TEST-CHECK can also be used for other tests and crops or products that relate to end-product specifications such as protein analysis of meals. In the current round, TEST-CHECK only applies to canola seed. TEST-CHECK is the initiative of the AOF on behalf of industry and is currently managed on its behalf by ABB Limited.
1.2
1.3
1.4 1.5
2.0
2.1
LABORATORY PROCEDURES
Each month the controlling laboratory generates representative samples for provision to industry participants in the program. Samples are truly homogenous and represent a range of quality parameters expected to be present in that particular crop. Samples are arranged in rounds and despatched with results due as per the following timetable.
2.2
Month
Round
Date Sample Dispatch
Wednesday 12th December 2007 Thursday 10th January 2008 Friday 8th February 2008 Monday 10th March 2008 Tuesday 1st April 2008 Thursday 1st May 2008 Monday 2nd June 2008 Tuesday 1st July 2008 Friday 1st August 2008 Monday 1st September 2008 Wednesday 1st October 2008 Monday 3rd November 2008 late start
Date Results Due
Wednesday 9th January 2008 Thursday 7th February 2008 Friday 7th March 2008 Monday 31st March 2008 Wednesday 30th April 2008 Friday 30th May 2008 Monday 30th June 2008 Thursday 31st July 2008 Friday 29th August 2008 Tuesday 30th September 2008 Friday 31st October 2008 Thursday 28th November 2008
December 1 January 2 February 3 March * 4 April 5 May 6 June 7 July 8 August 9 September 10 October 11 November 12 * Shortened due to 2.3
Laboratories are to analyse the samples as received for the tests as outlined in the following results sheet. Where the laboratory does not conduct a particular test as a routine, analysis is not required. Note that for rounds 1-7, a single 1kg sample is to be analysed and reported in duplicate whereas for rounds 812, 3x1kg samples are to be analysed and reported in duplicate. AOF methods are to be used where published. Results are to be provided on the result sheet in the format outlined. Only results received by the reporting date will be included in reports to industry participants.
2.4 2.5
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 2-6
Page 61 of 70
2.6
Payments by each laboratory to participate in the program are to be made through the AOF. The AOF will invoice participants for the service and recompense the TEST CHECK manager for the services according to an agreed schedule of fees.
3.0
3.1
TEST-CHECK LABORATORY EVALUATION
As current manager of the program, ABB Limited provide results to industry participants after each round as per the TEST-CHECK Results Report. The identity of each laboratory remains confidential with each laboratory allocated a code. Each year the program manager reviews all results submitted by participants to assess individual analytical performances and report in confidence to the Technical and Quality Standards Committee Chairperson any adverse results for further consideration. Satisfactory performance by participants in the TEST-CHECK program shall be acknowledged by the Technical and Quality Standards Committee based on the precision of the laboratory and continuing participation in the program. Note however that before an adequate evaluation can be made, there must be a sufficient number of participants, samples and parameters to satisfy statistical requirements.
3.2 3.3
3.4
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 2-6
Page 62 of 70
Section 1: AOF 2-6.1, TEST-CHECK Participants Result Sheet Rounds 1-7
Month: _______________ Round: _______________ Note this Result Sheet is only to be used for Rounds 1-7
Analysis Test Weight (kg/hl) Impurities % Oil % – Rapid (Clean Seed Basis) Oil %– Solvent (Clean Seed Basis) Oil %– Solvent (Clean Seed Basis) Reference Method Oil % – SFE Extraction Moisture % - Oven Moisture % - Rapid Oleic (percent oil) Linoleic (percent oil) Free Fatty Acid (percent of oil) Result A Result B
LAB CODE
Method of Analysis
Testing Laboratory/Company Name: _____________________ Contact Person: Date: __________________________
_____________________________________
Note: Please include Method of Analysis
Fax or email Result Sheet to: ABB Grain Ltd Analytical Chemist – Dao Ho Phone No: 08 8304 5030 Fax No: 08 8211 6505 Email: dao.ho@abb.com.au
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 2-6.2
Page 63 of 70
Section 1: AOF 2-6.1, TEST-CHECK Participants Result Sheet Rounds 8-12
Month: _______________ Round: _______________ Note this Result Sheet is only to be used for Rounds 8-12
Sample 1 Analysis Result A Test Weight (kg/hl) Impurities % Oil % – Rapid (Clean Seed Basis) Oil %– Solvent (Clean Seed Basis) Oil %– Solvent (Clean Seed Basis) – Reference Method Oil % – SFE Extraction Moisture % - Oven Moisture % - Rapid Oleic (percent oil) Linoleic (percent oil) Free Fatty Acid (percent of oil) Result B Result A Result B Result A Result B Sample 2 Sample 3 LAB CODE
Method of Analysis
Testing Laboratory/Company Name: ________________________ Contact Person: Date: _____________________________
________________________________________
Note: Please include Method of Analysis
Fax or email Result Sheet to: ABB Grain Ltd Analytical Chemist – Dao Ho Phone No: 08 8304 5030 Fax No: 08 8211 6505 Email: dao.ho@abb.com.au
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 2-6
Page 64 of 70
Section 1: AOF 2-6.2, TEST-CHECK Program Report
Report Date: ________________________ Sample: _____________________________ Sample Reference: ________________ Sample Distribution Date: ______________ Authorised Distribution Agent: ___________________________________________ SEED
ANALYTE A B C D
LABORATORY CODE
E F G H I J K L M N O P
Test Weight (kg/hl) Impurities % Oil % – Rapid (Clean Seed Basis) Oil %– Solvent (Clean Seed Basis) Oil %– Solvent (Clean Seed Basis) – Reference Method Oil % – SFE Extraction Moisture % - Oven Moisture % - Rapid Oleic (percent oil) Linoleic (percent oil) Free Fatty Acid (percent of oil)
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 2-6
Page 65 of 70
Section 1: AOF 3, Technical Information
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 3
Page 66 of 70
Section 1: AOF 3-1, Typical Composition of Vegetable Fats and Oils
MAIN COMPONENT FATTY ACIDS
Caprylic Carbon double bonds Castor (1) Canola Coconut Corn (maize) Cottonseed Crambe Linola Linseed (4) Oticica (2) Olive Palm Palm kernel Peanut Perilla (4) Poppyseed Rapeseed Rice bran Safflower Sesame Soybean Sunflower – hilin Sunflower – lolin Sunflower – mono Unsaturated tung 8-0 Capric 10-0 Lauric 12-0 Myristic 14-0 0.1 16 0.7 Palmitic 16-0 1 4 8 12 22 3 7 6 7 12 47 8 10 7 12 4 17 7 9 10 6 6 4 4 Palmitoleic 16-1 0.3 1 0.6 Stearic 18-0 2 2 4 2 2 2 4 4 6 2 4 1 3 2 2 1 2 3 5 4 4 4 4 1 Oleic 18-1 3 62 6 30 20 18 17 18 5 75 38 16 44 13 19 17 39 12 45 22 24 32 80 8 Linoleic 18-2 4 19 2 54 54 10 69 19 9 10 1 34 12 65 13 39 78 41 55 65 56 10 4 Linolenic 18-3 9 1 6 2 53
8 8
7 7
48 48
3.3 2
3.4 2
48 51
1 1 16 1 18
1
0.2
66 2 8 3 0.4 8
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1
3
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 3-1
Page 67 of 70
Section 1: AOF 3-1, Typical Composition of Vegetable Fats and Oils (cont.)
MAIN COMPONENT FATTY ACIDS
Saturated Carbon double bonds Castor (1) Canola Coconut Corn (maize) Cottonseed Crambe Linola Linseed (4) Oticica (2) Olive Palm Palm kernel Peanut Perilla (4) Poppyseed Rapeseed Rice bran Safflower Sesame Soybean Sunflower – hilin Sunflower – lolin Sunflower – mono Unsaturated tung Unsaturated Total Saturated Total Monosaturated Total Polyunsaturated 18 2-3 20-24 1-3 6 91 14 25 5 11 10 14 52 82 18 9 14 9 19 10 14 15 11 11 9 80(7) 62 7 30 21 18 17 18 75 38 16 44 13 19 17 39 12 45 22 24 32 81 28 2 55 54 16 71 72 7 9 10 1 34 78 67 21 42 78 41 63 65 56 5 85 112 9 122 108 95 139 180 150 80 52 20 100 200 134 104 87 145 110 135 134 125 165 165 180 190 255 190 192 170 190 190 190 200 250 190 190 190 175 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 Iodine value Saponification value
20-24
59(5)
5(30 4 53(6) 1 1 1 1
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 3-1
Page 68 of 70
Section 1: AOF 3-2, Colour Comparisons
(Approximate Conversions Only)
COMPARISON VALUE GARDNER LOVIBOND (133.35MM) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 1R 10Y 1.6R 16Y 2.5R 25Y 4R 40Y 6.2R 62Y 8.5R 80Y AOCS TINTOMETER 1R 10Y 1.6R 16Y 3.0R 25Y 4.5R 40Y 7.0R 62Y COMPARISON VALUE LOVIBOND (25.4MM) 0.24R 2.4Y 0.32R 3.2Y 0.45R 4.5Y 0.65R 6.5Y 0.8R 8.0Y 1.2R 12.0Y 1.7R 17.0Y 2.15R 21.5Y 2.9R 29.0Y 4.0R 40.0Y 5.5R 55.0Y 7.3R 73.0Y 10.0R 100Y 14.9R 149Y 20.0R 200Y 25.0R 250Y AOCS TINTOMETER 0.24R 2.4Y 0.32R 3.2Y 0.45R 4.5Y 0.65R 6.5Y 0.8R 8.0Y 1.2R 12.0Y 1.7R 17.0Y 2.5R 21.5Y 3.5R 29.0Y 4.5R 40.0Y 5.9R 55.0Y 7.9R 73.0Y -
Reference: Procter Thomson, Journal of American Oil Chemists Society, Society, 30, 259 (1953). V C Mehlenbacher “Analysis of Fats and Oil” (The Garrard Press). Tintometer brochure “Lovibond Colour Scale Renotation”. Note The Lovibond scale listed applies to models up to Model D. Model E uses the “renotated Lovibond glasses”. It gives a slightly higher reading on the red scale with the same yellow scale up to 20Y. Over this there is a slight change in the renotated yellow glasses. The AOCS red scale is the renotated red values multiplied by 0.95. This has been taken into account in the above conversion. The Gardner 1933 scale (Hellige discs 620C-40 and 620C-42) gives a much better colour comparison for vegetable oils than the colours of ASTM D 1544 (Hellige discs 620C-43 and 620C-44).
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 3-2
Page 69 of 70
Section 1: AOF 3-3, Typical Amino Acid Composition of Meals
(as percentage of protein)
Typical Amino Acid Composition (% of Protein) Australian Oilseed Meals
Cottonseed Alanine Arginine Aspartic Acid Cystine Glutamic Acid Glycine Histidine Leucine lsoleucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Proline Serene Threonine Tyrosine Valine 3.7 11.7 8.8 2.5 21.0 3.4 3.3 5.1 3.1 4.5 0.8 4.7 3.5 4.4 3.5 2.4 3.8 Linseed 4.3 9.1 7.8 1.7 20.3 5.7 2.5 5.8 3.9 4.0 1.7 4.5 3.6 4.1 3.6 2.5 4.9 Peanut 3.7 11.3 8.7 1.5 19.3 5.3 2.4 6.2 3.0 3.5 1.1 4.8 4.0 4.0 2.6 3.5 3.6 Rapeseed & Canola 4.2 6.2 5.9 1.6 18.4 5.3 3.1 7.0 4.0 5.9 2.0 4.3 6.1 3.7 4.0 3.0 4.8 Safflower 4.1 8.9 8.3 1.1 21.6 5.9 2.6 6.4 3.7 3.3 1.2 5.0 4.4 3.8 3.1 2.6 4.9 Soybean 3.9 7.1 9.5 1.3 18.9 4.3 2.8 7.4 4.4 6.1 1.3 4.8 4.7 4.6 3.9 3.4 4.5 Sunflower 4.0 7.9 8.0 1.4 21.2 5.8 2.6 6.5 4.0 3.5 2.1 4.7 4.4 3.8 3.7 2.7 4.7
Issue No.8, July 31, 2009
Section 1 AOF 3-3
Page 70 of 70